Abstract—This review considers the recent progress on the role of heat shock proteins (HSPs), as well as transcription factors of heat shock proteins genes (HSFs) in protecting plants from oxidative stress induced by various types of abiotic and biotic stresses. HSPs are pleiotropic proteins involved in various intracellular processes and performing many important functions. In particular, HSPs increase plant resistance to stress by protecting the structure and activity of proteins of the antioxidant system. Overexpression of Hsp genes under stressful conditions, leading to an increased content of HSPs, can be used as a marker of oxidative stress. Plant HSFs are encoded by large gene families with variable sequences, expression and function. Plant HSFs regulate transcription of a wide range of stress-induced genes, including HSPs and other chaperones, reactive oxygen species scavengers, enzymes involved in protective metabolic reactions and osmolytic biosynthesis, or other transcriptional factors. Genome-wide analysis of Arabidodpsis, rice, poplar, lettuce, and wheat revealed a complex network of interaction between the Hsps and Hsfs gene families that form plant protection against oxidative stress. Plant protection systems are discussed, with special emphasis on the role of HSPs and HSFs in plant responses to stress, which will be useful for the development of technologies to increase productivity and stress resistance of plant crops.

摘要：本文综述了热休克蛋白（HSP）以及热休克蛋白基因（HSF）转录因子在保护植物免受各种非生物和生物胁迫引起的氧化应激方面的作用的最新进展。HSP 是参与各种细胞内过程并执行许多重要功能的多效性蛋白质。特别是，热休克蛋白通过保护抗氧化系统蛋白质的结构和活性来增强植物的抗逆性。应激条件下Hsp基因过度表达，导致 HSP 含量增加，可作为氧化应激的标志物。植物 HSF 由具有可变序列、表达和功能的大型基因家族编码。植物HSF调节多种胁迫诱导基因的转录，包括HSP和其他分子伴侣、活性氧清除剂、参与保护性代谢反应和渗透生物合成的酶或其他转录因子。对拟南芥、水稻、杨树、生菜和小麦的全基因组分析揭示了Hsps和Hsfs基因家族之间复杂的相互作用网络，形成植物抗氧化应激的保护。讨论了植物保护系统，特别强调了 HSP 和 HSF 在植物应激反应中的作用，这将有助于开发提高作物生产力和抗逆性的技术。