Abstract—

The features of the structural and tribotechnical characteristics of copper alloys and coatings during friction of a steel–steel pair are analyzed. Copper-based coatings obtained by gas-dynamic spraying have been experimentally studied. The wear resistance and microgeometric characteristics of the surface of steels with coatings of the composition Cu : Al₂O₃ = 55 : 45 (wt %) and Cu : Zn : Al₂O₃ = 35 : 35 : 30 (wt %) are determined. A coating is formed from a powder mixture of copper and corundum, mainly consisting of copper. Corundum is present in the form of particles with a size of 0.05 μm² in an amount of less than 1%. The coating has a high performance when tested under friction and wear conditions: wear intensity I_h (coating) ≈ (1.1–1.5) × 10^–10 and I_h (counterbody) ≈ (0.3–0.4) × 10^–11 under friction in I-20A mineral oil; I_h (coatings) ≈ (2–5) × 10^–10 and I_h (counterbodies) ≈ 0.2 × 10^–11 during friction in Litol-24 grease. Heat treatment of such a coating causes diffusion of zinc into copper with the formation of a solid solution of zinc in copper (α-phase) and an electron-type solid solution based on CuZn is also formed. The mechanism of contact interaction of steel coated with Cu–Zn–Al₂O₃ in a pair with ShKh15 steel is based on the process of mass transfer in the zone of surface plastic deformation, which minimizes the level of surface destruction of the pair as a whole, reducing it to practical wearlessness at high external pressures. Deformation, diffusion, and mass transfer in the zone of contact interaction during friction point to the effect of “classical wearlessness,” a distinctive feature of which is the formation of a copper-zinc third body interspersed with corundum, which has the ability to transfer from the sample on the counterbody and vice versa, providing protection of the surface layers from destruction but not a servovite copper film (with a special structural state). High wear resistance of friction pair materials is achieved due to frictional mass transfer films.

中文翻译：

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铜改性表面层对钢-钢滑动摩擦副性能的影响

摘要-

分析了钢-钢副摩擦过程中铜合金和涂层的结构和摩擦技术特征。对通过气动喷涂获得的铜基涂层进行了实验研究。具有成分 Cu : Al ₂ O ₃ = 55 : 45 (wt %) 和 Cu : Zn : Al ₂ O ₃ = 35 : 35 : 30 (wt %) 涂层的钢的耐磨性和微观几何特征为决定。涂层由铜和刚玉的粉末混合物形成，主要成分为铜。^{刚玉以尺寸为0.05μm 2}的颗粒形式存在，含量小于1%。在摩擦磨损条件下测试时，涂层具有高性能：在摩擦条件下，磨损强度I h _（涂层） ≈ (1.1–1.5) × 10 ^–10和I _h（相对体） ≈ (0.3–0.4) × 10 ^–11 I-20A矿物油；在 Litol-24 润滑脂中摩擦期间，I _h  （涂层）≈ (2–5) × 10 ^–10和I _h（相对体）≈ 0.2 × 10 ^{–11 。}对这种涂层进行热处理导致锌扩散到铜中，从而形成锌在铜中的固溶体(α相)，并且还形成基于CuZn的电子型固溶体。_{镀有 Cu-Zn-Al 2} O ₃的钢与 ShKh15 钢的接触相互作用机制基于表面塑性变形区域的传质过程，该过程最大限度地减少了钢对的表面破坏程度，如下所示：整体，在高外部压力下将其降低到实际的耐磨性。摩擦过程中接触相互作用区域的变形、扩散和质量传递指向“经典耐磨”效应，其显着特征是形成散布刚玉的铜锌第三体，具有传递能力来自对体上的样品，反之亦然，提供表面层免遭破坏的保护，但不是伺服铜膜（具有特殊的结构状态）。摩擦副材料的高耐磨性是通过摩擦传质膜实现的。