Abstract

The structure and properties of powder steel–copper alloy antifriction pseudo-alloys infiltrated with materials of various compositions are studied, it is shown that mechanical and tribological properties are determined both by the composition and structure of the steel skeleton and, to a large extent, by the composition and structure of the infiltrate. It has been established that the limiting content of lead in the infiltrate, which ensures the absence of lead deposits on the sample surface and a large (10–15%) residual porosity, should not exceed 3%. The use of a mixture of copper powders and alloying additives for infiltration is more technologically advanced than atomized bronze powders. It is shown that the wear resistance of pseudo-alloys with a chromium steel skeleton depends to a lesser extent on the composition of the infiltrate, since the main contribution to wear resistance is made by a hard steel skeleton. The introduction of 3–5% ultrafine aluminum oxide powders into the infiltrate leads to an increase in the seizure pressure by 1.2 MPa and wear resistance by 20–30% due to the refinement of the copper alloy structure and the deceleration of dislocations that arise during deformation due to friction. It is shown that during the wear of pseudo-alloys in the surface layer the structure is refined, martensite is formed in the skeleton, and, accordingly, the microhardness increases by 720–760 MPa.

中文翻译：

---

不同成分材料渗渗粉末钢-铜合金耐磨拟合金的组织与性能

摘要

研究了不同成分材料渗渗的粉末钢-铜合金耐磨拟合金的组织和性能，结果表明，钢骨架的成分和结构决定了其力学和摩擦学性能，并且在很大程度上决定了钢骨架的成分和结构。由渗透物的成分和结构决定。已确定渗透液中铅的限制含量不应超过 3%，以确保样品表面不存在铅沉积物以及较大的残余孔隙率 (10-15%)。使用铜粉和合金添加剂的混合物进行渗透在技术上比雾化青铜粉更先进。结果表明，具有铬钢骨架的伪合金的耐磨性在较小程度上取决于渗透物的成分，因为对耐磨性的主要贡献是由硬钢骨架做出的。在渗透液中引入 3-5% 超细氧化铝粉末，由于铜合金结构的细化和加工过程中产生的位错的减速，咬合压力增加了 1.2 MPa，耐磨性提高了 20-30%。由于摩擦而变形。结果表明，表层伪合金在磨损过程中组织细化，骨架中形成马氏体，显微硬度增加720~760 MPa。