Abstract

It has been previously shown that atmospheric and oceanic heat and moisture transfers play an important role in the development of Arctic warming, and ocean surface temperature anomalies at low latitudes have a significant effect on the formation of transfers. Atmospheric circulation, which transports heat, moisture and precipitation, also affects climatic conditions in the catchment areas of the three main Siberian rivers—the Ob, Yenisei, and Lena—the flow of which is approximately half of the annual average inflow of river water into the Arctic Ocean. According to reanalyses and archival data for 1979–2019, air temperature and precipitation in the Ob, Lena, and Yenisei catchment areas are increasing. The greatest increase in precipitation is recorded in the spring months. There is also a maximum positive trend in air temperature in the spring months (March and April). To assess the impact of low latitudes on changes in climatic conditions in the catchment areas, data from ERA5, HadISST reanalyses, and the GPCC project precipitation gridded gauge-analysis data are used. Based on the average monthly surface air temperature at the nodes of the geographic grid in the Northern Hemisphere, the indices of zonal, meridional, and general circulation are calculated. To determine the relationships between indices and climatic parameters, the methods of multivariate cross-correlation analysis are used. It has been found that zonal atmospheric transfers have a significant impact on climatic conditions most of all in the cold part of the year, especially in November and March. In summer, the increase in zonal circulation is accompanied by a decrease in air temperature in the catchment areas, and meridional transfers increase the temperature. The greatest influence of the meridional transport is noted in spring and summer. Climate changes at low latitudes have the greatest effect in autumn on meridional transport in the spring season and on zonal transport in the cold part of the year, especially in March, with a delay of 2 years. The influence of low latitudes on climatic conditions in water catchments is presented in the form of graphs of correlations of climatic parameters and circulation indices on a generalized scheme.

中文翻译：

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低纬度对西伯利亚主要河流流域气候条件的影响

摘要

此前研究表明，大气和海洋热湿传递在北极变暖的发展过程中发挥着重要作用，低纬度海洋表面温度异常对传递的形成具有显着影响。大气环流输送热量、水分和降水，也影响西伯利亚三大河流——鄂毕河、叶尼塞河和勒拿河——流域的气候条件，这三大河流的流量约占年平均河水流入量的一半。北冰洋。根据 1979 年至 2019 年的重新分析和档案数据，鄂毕、勒拿和叶尼塞流域地区的气温和降水量正在增加。春季月份降水量增幅最大。春季（三月和四月）气温也呈现最大的积极趋势。为了评估低纬度对流域气候条件变化的影响，使用了来自 ERA5、HadISST 再分析和 GPCC 项目降水网格测量分析数据的数据。根据北半球地理网格节点的月平均地表气温，计算纬向、经向和大气环流指数。为了确定指数与气候参数之间的关系，采用多元互相关分析的方法。研究发现，纬向大气传输对气候条件有显着影响，尤其是在一年中寒冷的季节，尤其是十一月和三月。夏季，纬向环流的增加伴随着集水区气温的下降，而经向输送则导致气温升高。经向运输的影响最大出现在春季和夏季。低纬度气候变化对春季经向运输和寒冷季节纬向运输影响最大的是秋季，特别是3月，延迟了2年。低纬度对流域气候条件的影响以广义方案上的气候参数和环流指数相关性图的形式呈现。