Under adverse environmental conditions, microorganisms are able to enter a state of cellular dormancy which consists of cell cycle arrest and interruption of multiplication. This process ensures their perpetuation in the infected host organism and enables the spread of disease. Throughout biological evolution, dormancy allowed microorganisms to persist in a harsh niche until favorable conditions for their reactivation were re-established. Here, we propose to discuss the dormancy of bacteria and protozoa pathogens focusing on the potential mechanisms and components associated with dormancy.

中文翻译：

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细胞休眠：一种使传染病长期存在的普遍现象

在不利的环境条件下，微生物能够进入细胞休眠状态，包括细胞周期停滞和增殖中断。这一过程确保它们在受感染的宿主生物体中永久存在并促进疾病的传播。在整个生物进化过程中，休眠使微生物能够在严酷的生态位中持续存在，直到重新建立有利于其重新激活的条件。在这里，我们建议讨论细菌和原生动物病原体的休眠，重点关注与休眠相关的潜在机制和组成部分。