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Molecular mechanisms of the RNA polymerases in plant RNA-directed DNA methylation
Trends in Biochemical Sciences ( IF 13.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-12-09 , DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2023.11.005
Guohui Xie , Xuan Du , Hongmiao Hu , Jiamu Du

In plants, two atypical DNA-dependent RNA polymerases, RNA polymerase IV (Pol IV) and Pol V, and an RNA-DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE 2 (RDR2) together produce noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) to guide the plant-specific RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). Although both Pol IV and Pol V have evolved from the canonical Pol II, they have adapted to different roles in RdDM. The mechanisms of their adaptation are key to understanding plant DNA methylation and the divergent evolution of polymerases. In this review, we summarize insights that have emerged from recent structural studies of Pol IV, Pol V, and RDR2 and discuss their structural features critical for efficient ncRNA production in RdDM.

中文翻译:

植物RNA引导的DNA甲基化中RNA聚合酶的分子机制

在植物中,两种非典型 DNA 依赖性 RNA 聚合酶,RNA 聚合酶 IV (Pol IV) 和 Pol V,以及 RNA 依赖性 RNA 聚合酶 2 (RDR2) 一起产生非编码 RNA (ncRNA),以指导植物特异性 RNA 指导的 DNA甲基化(RdDM)。尽管 Pol IV 和 Pol V 都是从规范的 Pol II 演变而来,但它们在 RdDM 中适应了不同的角色。它们的适应机制是理解植物 DNA 甲基化和聚合酶的趋异进化的关键。在这篇综述中,我们总结了最近 Pol IV、Pol V 和 RDR2 结构研究中得出的见解,并讨论了它们对 RdDM 中高效 ncRNA 生产至关重要的结构特征。
更新日期:2023-12-09
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