Psychiatric and substance use disorders inflict major public health burdens worldwide. Their widespread burden is compounded by a dearth of effective treatments, underscoring a dire need to uncover novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize the literature implicating organic cation transporters (OCTs), including three subtypes of OCTs (OCT1, OCT2, and OCT3) and the plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT), in the neurobiology of psychiatric and substance use disorders with an emphasis on mood and anxiety disorders, alcohol use disorder, and psychostimulant use disorder. OCTs transport monoamines with a low affinity but high capacity, situating them to play a central role in regulating monoamine homeostasis. Preclinical evidence discussed here suggests that OCTs may serve as promising targets for treatment of psychiatric and substance use disorders and encourage future research into their therapeutic potential.

精神疾病和药物滥用疾病给全世界造成了重大的公共卫生负担。由于缺乏有效的治疗方法，他们的广泛负担更加严重，这凸显了发现新治疗靶点的迫切需要。在这篇综述中，我们总结了涉及有机阳离子转运蛋白（OCT）的文献，包括 OCT 的三种亚型（OCT1、OCT2 和 OCT3）和质膜单胺转运蛋白（PMAT）在精神疾病和物质使用障碍的神经生物学中的应用。重点关注情绪和焦虑障碍、酒精使用障碍和精神兴奋剂使用障碍。OCT 以低亲和力但高容量运输单胺，使其在调节单胺稳态中发挥核心作用。这里讨论的临床前证据表明，OCT 可能作为治疗精神疾病和物质使用障碍的有希望的目标，并鼓励未来对其治疗潜力的研究。