Using liver phantoms for mimicking human tissue in clinical training, disease diagnosis, and treatment planning is a common practice. The fabrication material of the liver phantom should exhibit mechanical properties similar to those of the real liver organ in the human body. This tissue-equivalent material is essential for qualitative and quantitative investigation of the liver mechanisms in producing nutrients, excretion of waste metabolites, and tissue deformity at mechanical stimulus. This paper reviews the mechanical properties of human hepatic tissues to develop liver-mimicking phantoms. These properties include viscosity, elasticity, acoustic impedance, sound speed, and attenuation. The advantages and disadvantages of the most common fabrication materials for developing liver tissue-mimicking phantoms are also highlighted. Such phantoms will give a better insight into the real tissue damage during the disease progression and preservation for transplantation. The liver tissue-mimicking phantom will raise the quality assurance of patient diagnostic and treatment precision and offer a definitive clinical trial data collection.

在临床训练、疾病诊断和治疗计划中使用肝脏模型来模仿人体组织是一种常见的做法。肝脏模型的制造材料应表现出与人体内真实肝脏器官相似的机械性能。这种组织等效材料对于定性和定量研究肝脏产生营养物质、排泄废物代谢物和机械刺激下组织畸形的机制至关重要。本文回顾了人体肝组织的机械特性，以开发模仿肝脏的模型。这些特性包括粘度、弹性、声阻抗、声速和衰减。还强调了用于开发模拟肝脏组织模型的最常见制造材料的优点和缺点。这样的模型可以更好地了解疾病进展和移植保存过程中的真实组织损伤。模拟肝脏组织的模型将提高患者诊断和治疗精度的质量保证，并提供明确的临床试验数据收集。