Schisandra chinensis (sc) is generally demonstrated to improve antioxidant and immune functions in mammal. The present study through physiological and transcriptome analysis revealed alterations in muscle metabolisms of triploid crucian carp (Carassius auratus) cultured at different concentrations of S. chinensis diets (sc0, sc0.125%, sc0.25%, sc0.5%, sc1%, sc2%) after 8 weeks. The serum antioxidant enzyme activities analysis showed that dietary S. chinensis could reduce oxidative stress and increase organismic antioxidant capacity. Meanwhile, the detected results of muscle components presented that the amino acids and two flavor nucleotides of GMP and IMP significantly elevated while muscle crude lipid significantly reduced in S. chinensis feeding groups. In addition, springiness, chewiness, and fiber density in S. chinensis feeding groups muscle were significantly upregulated while muscle fiber diameter and area showed an opposite trend. By comparative transcriptome analysis of the muscles, functional enrichments of differentially expressed genes showed that multiple terms were related to purine metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and peroxisome. Finally, some key hub genes such as egln, gst, ggct, su1b, pi3kr4, myh9, lpl, gcdh, mylk, and col4a were identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Taken together, our findings facilitate the understanding of the molecular basis underlying the muscle quality effect of dietary S. chinensis in triploid crucian carp, which provides valuable insights into the nutritional strategies of the aquaculture industry.

五味子(sc) 通常被证明可以改善哺乳动物的抗氧化和免疫功能。本研究通过生理和转录组分析揭示了不同浓度的中华鲫饲料（sc0、sc0.125%、sc0.25%、sc0.5%、sc1%）培养的三倍体鲫鱼肌肉代谢的变化。 ，sc2%）8周后。血清抗氧化酶活性分析表明，饲喂中华五味子可以减轻氧化应激，提高机体抗氧化能力。同时，肌肉成分检测结果显示，五味子饲喂组的氨基酸和两种呈味核苷酸GMP、IMP显着升高，肌肉粗脂显着降低。此外，五味子饲喂组肌肉的弹性、咀嚼度和纤维密度显着上调，而肌纤维直径和面积则呈现相反的趋势。通过对肌肉的比较转录组分析，差异表达基因的功能富集表明，多个术语与嘌呤代谢、甘油脂代谢、肌动蛋白细胞骨架的调节和过氧化物酶体有关。最后，通过加权基因共表达网络分析鉴定了一些关键的枢纽基因，如egln、gst、ggct、su1b、pi3kr4、myh9、lpl、gcdh、mylk和col4a 。总而言之，我们的研究结果有助于理解膳食中华鲫鱼对三倍体鲫鱼肌肉质量影响的分子基础，这为水产养殖业的营养策略提供了宝贵的见解。