Abstract—

Neurodegeneration is a complex progressive pathological process leading to the neuronal death, which is induced by various external and internal factors. Neurodegenerative diseases, injuries of the central and peripheral nervous system, mental disorders, and a number of other pathological conditions, accompanied by functional and structural degradation of neurons and their death, is a serious problem in the global healthcare system, as due to these diseases millions of people around the world become disabled or die every year. The situation is complicated by the lack of selective, clinically effective neuroprotective drugs. It has been shown that nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) are actively involved in neurodegeneration and cell death of neurons and glia, but their role is not completely clear. This review considers NO- and H₂S-dependent signaling mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative processes. The prospects for further studies of the role of NO and H₂S in the nervous tissue under conditions of pathological conditions associated with neurodegeneration are considered.

中文翻译：

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一氧化氮和硫化氢在神经退行性过程中神经元和胶质细胞死亡中的作用

摘要-

神经退行性变是由多种外部和内部因素引起的导致神经元死亡的复杂的进行性病理过程。神经退行性疾病、中枢和周围神经系统损伤、精神障碍和许多其他病理状况，伴随着神经元功能和结构退化及其死亡，是全球医疗保健系统中的一个严重问题，因为这些疾病全世界每年有数百万人致残或死亡。由于缺乏选择性的、临床上有效的神经保护药物，情况变得更加复杂。研究表明，一氧化氮（NO）和硫化氢（H ₂ S）积极参与神经元和神经胶质细胞的神经变性和细胞死亡，但其作用尚不完全清楚。本综述考虑了神经退行性过程发病机制中NO 和 H _{2 S 依赖性信号传导机制。}考虑了进一步研究在与神经变性相关的病理条件下NO和H ₂ S在神经组织中的作用的前景。