The territorial impacts of climate change will affect millions. This will happen not only as a direct consequence of climate change, but also because of policies for mitigating it—for example, through the installation of large wind and solar farms, the conservation of land in its role as carbon sink, and the extraction of materials needed for renewable energy technologies. In this article, we offer an overview of the justice-related issues that these impacts create. The literature on climate justice and territory is vast and spans a range of disciplines, so we limit our discussion to a specific understanding of territory and a specific understanding of injustice that arises from its loss. We understand territory as a normative concept that describes a place under some agent's jurisdiction, where the agent is a politically organized collective and where the jurisdictional rights over that place secure a relevant degree of self-determination for that collective. Accordingly, we consider that the main injustice connected to the loss of territory due to climate change is the loss or undermining of the ability to exercise the collective right to self-determination, which requires some control over the place. This can happen if a territorial agent literally loses the ground where to stand as a direct effect of climate change, raising issues of justice in relocation; or if their place changes due to mitigation policies, affecting their use and understanding of territory, raising issues of justice in energy transition. In concluding, we point to topics for future research.

中文翻译：

---

气候正义与领土

气候变化的领土影响将影响数百万人。这种情况的发生不仅是气候变化的直接后果，也是因为缓解气候变化的政策——例如，通过安装大型风能和太阳能发电厂、保护作为碳汇的土地以及提取可再生能源技术所需的材料。在本文中，我们概述了这些影响造成的司法相关问题。关于气候正义和领土的文献数量庞大，涵盖多个学科，因此我们将讨论限制在对领土的具体理解以及对领土丧失所产生的不公正的具体理解。我们将领土理解为一个规范概念，它描述了某个代理人管辖下的一个地方，其中该代理人是一个政治组织的集体，并且对该地方的管辖权确保了该集体的相关程度的自决。因此，我们认为，与因气候变化而丧失领土有关的主要不公正现象是行使集体自决权的能力的丧失或削弱，而集体自决权需要对该地区进行某种控制。如果领土代理人由于气候变化的直接影响而实际上失去了立足之地，就会发生这种情况，从而引发搬迁的正义问题；或者，如果他们的位置由于缓解政策而发生变化，会影响他们对领土的使用和理解，从而引发能源转型中的正义问题。最后，我们指出了未来研究的主题。