Behavioral software contracts allow programmers to strengthen the obligations and promises that they express with conventional types. They lack expressive power, though, when it comes to invariants that hold across several function calls. Trace contracts narrow this expressiveness gap. A trace contract is a predicate over the sequence of values that flow through function calls and returns. This paper presents a principled design, an implementation, and an evaluation of trace contracts.

中文翻译：

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追踪合约

行为软件契约允许程序员加强他们用传统类型表达的义务和承诺。然而，当涉及到跨多个函数调用的不变量时，它们缺乏表达能力。跟踪合约缩小了这种表达能力的差距。跟踪契约是对流经函数调用和返回的值序列的谓词。本文介绍了跟踪合约的原则设计、实现和评估。