Local medical systems (LMSs) are complex and dynamic, encompassing local perceptions of diseases, prevention and treatment strategies, and evaluations of therapeutic responses. These systems are not isolated and interact with other medical systems, such as the biomedical system. The interaction between these systems creates a "contact zone", which some authors refer to as intermedicality, involving both competitive and complementary interactions. However, there is limited discussion in the literature regarding the complexity of these interactions. Some studies seek to understand this interaction through the lens of hybridization, a concept introduced to ethnobiology by Ana Ladio and Ulysses Albuquerque. The authors conceptualize hybridization as "discrete structures and practices coming together to form a new practice not necessarily implying homogenization." They discuss hybridization in the context of medicinal plants used in urban settings and propose seven hybridization subprocesses to gain a deeper understanding of this phenomenon. In this study, we update these hybridization subprocesses, expanding the concepts to comprehend the specific interaction of resources from LMS and biomedical systems known and used by different human groups. In this context, we propose a new subprocess and have made adjustments to the existing subprocesses to encompass the diversity of possible interactions between medicinal plants and pharmaceuticals, providing evidence from the literature demonstrating interactions that can be classified within the proposed subprocesses. Furthermore, we discuss, from a theoretical standpoint, how these subprocesses may have implications for the resilience of medical systems. Moreover, we propose a flowchart that can be utilized to identify these hybridization subprocesses in intermedicality contexts in future studies. These classifications are crucial because they enable us to comprehend the complexity of interactions between medicinal plants and pharmaceuticals, as well as the impacts that these different interactions can have on the resilience of LMSs.

中文翻译：

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当地医疗系统与生物医学系统之间的相互作用：根据杂交子过程进行概念和方法论审查

当地医疗系统 (LMS) 复杂且动态，涵盖当地对疾病的看法、预防和治疗策略以及治疗反应的评估。这些系统不是孤立的，并且与其他医疗系统（例如生物医学系统）相互作用。这些系统之间的相互作用创造了一个“接触区”，一些作者将其称为跨医学性，涉及竞争性和互补性相互作用。然而，文献中关于这些相互作用的复杂性的讨论很有限。一些研究试图通过杂交的视角来理解这种相互作用，这是安娜·拉迪奥（Ana Ladio）和尤利西斯·阿尔伯克基（Ulysses Albuquerque）引入民族生物学的概念。作者将混合概念化为“离散的结构和实践结合在一起形成一种新的实践，不一定意味着同质化”。他们讨论了城市环境中使用的药用植物的杂交，并提出了七个杂交子过程，以更深入地了解这种现象。在这项研究中，我们更新了这些杂交子过程，扩展了概念，以理解 LMS 和不同人类群体已知和使用的生物医学系统资源的特定相互作用。在这种情况下，我们提出了一个新的子流程，并对现有的子流程进行了调整，以涵盖药用植物和药品之间可能相互作用的多样性，并提供来自文献的证据，证明可以在所提议的子流程中分类的相互作用。此外，我们从理论的角度讨论这些子过程如何对医疗系统的弹性产生影响。此外，我们提出了一个流程图，可用于在未来的研究中识别跨医学背景下的这些杂交子过程。这些分类至关重要，因为它们使我们能够理解药用植物和药物之间相互作用的复杂性，以及这些不同的相互作用对 LMS 弹性的影响。