Abstract

The most promising areas of ecological assessment, regulation, and quality management of soils and lands include in-depth study of their ecological functions and the role of the anthropogenic factor in the formation of a lands’ natural complex established within the boundaries of specific land plots, considering the natural conditions, type of natural-resource use management, and direct–inverse relationships with adjoining environmental segments; study of natural relations between the soil cover and subsurface geological layers; determination of permissible changes in soil quality due to petroleum contamination and the forest and peat harvesting taking into account the prospects of natural self-repair (regeneration) of landscapes; study of direct and inverse relationships among soils, aquatic environments, and semi-aquatic landscapes exposed to contamination of lands; identification of functional relationship between the state of soils and the quality of atmospheric air; and insight into aspects of soil interface with other environmental compartments and the production and consumption waste. Analysis of the existing laws aimed at protecting soil as an environmental compartment suggests that the structure of environmental-protection legislation that incorporates in its framework the federal laws regulating the protection of environmental compartments contains gaps, and so a soil-protection law needs to be developed.

中文翻译：

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土壤和土地环境评估、评级和质量管理的前景

摘要

土壤和土地的生态评估、调节和质量管理最有前途的领域包括深入研究其生态功能以及人为因素在特定地块边界内建立的土地自然综合体形成中的作用，考虑自然条件、自然资源利用管理类型以及与邻近环境部分的正反关系；研究土壤覆盖层与地下地质层之间的自然关系；考虑到景观自然自我修复（再生）的前景，确定石油污染以及森林和泥炭采伐造成的土壤质量允许的变化；研究遭受土地污染的土壤、水生环境和半水生景观之间的直接和反向关系；确定土壤状况与大气质量之间的函数关系；并深入了解土壤与其他环境分区以及生产和消费废物的界面。对旨在保护土壤作为环境区划的现有法律的分析表明，将规范环境区划保护的联邦法律纳入其框架的环境保护立法结构存在缺陷，因此需要制定土壤保护法。