This research proposes the utilization of a geopolymer-based blasting sealing material to improve the profitability of coal sales and reduce the rate of coal fragmentation during blasting in open pit mines. The study first focused on optimizing the strength of the sealant material and reducing curing time. This was achieved by regulating the slag doping and sodium silicate solution modulus. The findings demonstrated that increasing slag content and improving the material resulted in an early rise in strength while increasing the modulus of the sodium silicate solution extended the curing time. The slag doping level was fixed at 80 g, and the sodium silicate solution modulus was set at 1.5. To achieve a strength of 3.12 MPa, the water/gel ratio was set at 0.5. The initial setting time was determined to be 33 min, meeting the required field test duration. Secondly, the strength requirements for field implementation were assessed by simulating the action time and force destruction process of the sealing material during blasting using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. The results indicated that the modified material meets these requirements. Finally, the Shengli Open Pit Coal Mine served as the site for the field test. It was observed that the hole-sealing material’s hydration reaction created a laminated and flocculated gel inside it. This enhanced the density of the modified material. Additionally, the pregelatinized starch, functioning as an organic binder, filled the gaps between the gels, enhancing the cohesion and bonding coefficient of the material. Upon analyzing the post-blasting shooting effect diagram using the Split-Desktop software, it was determined that the utilization of the modified blast hole plugging material resulted in a decrease in the rate of coal fragmentation from 33.2% to 21.1%. This reduction exhibited a minimal error of 1.63% when compared to the field measurement, thereby providing further confirmation of the exceptional plugging capabilities of the modified material. This study significantly contributes to establishing a solid theoretical basis for enhancing the blasting efficiency of open pit mines and, in turn, enhancing their economic advantages.

本研究提出利用地质聚合物基爆破密封材料来提高煤炭销售的盈利能力并降低露天矿爆破过程中煤炭的破碎率。该研究首先侧重于优化密封剂材料的强度和缩短固化时间。这是通过调节炉渣掺杂和硅酸钠溶液模量来实现的。研究结果表明，增加矿渣含量和改进材料会导致强度的早期上升，同时增加硅酸钠溶液的模量会延长固化时间。炉渣掺杂量固定为80g，硅酸钠溶液模量设定为1.5。为了达到 3.12 MPa 的强度，水/凝胶比率设置为 0.5。初凝时间确定为33分钟，满足现场试验时长要求。其次，利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件模拟爆破过程中密封材料的作用时间和受力破坏过程，评估了现场实施的强度要求。结果表明，改性材料满足这些要求。最后，胜利露天煤矿作为现场试验场地。据观察，封孔材料的水合反应在其内部产生了层压和絮凝的凝胶。这提高了改性材料的密度。此外，预胶化淀粉作为有机粘合剂，填充了凝胶之间的间隙，增强了材料的内聚力和粘合系数。利用Split-Desktop软件对爆破后射击效果图进行分析发现，使用改良炮孔封堵材料后，煤炭破碎率由33.2%下降到21.1%。与现场测量相比，这种减少表现出 1.63% 的最小误差，从而进一步证实了改性材料的卓越堵塞能力。该研究为提高露天矿爆破效率、增强露天矿经济优势奠定了坚实的理论基础。