COVID-19 highlighted interconnections between matters of identity and citizenship, vulnerability, and inclusion in/exclusion from systems of care in times of crisis. Migrant workers from Nagaland state, northeast India, were disproportionately impacted by the pandemic's socioeconomic consequences. The public health emergency brought into question who is ‘Indian’ and the citizenship rights attached to that identity, heightening migrants' exclusion from central structures. Communitarian responses in Nagaland enhanced resilience in the face of often inadequate government responses; however, COVID-19 also exposed structural inequalities within and between Naga communities. This study shows that identity-based citizenship regimes and multi-nation federalism interact to increase minorities' exclusion during crises, and that crises can strengthen both divisions and solidarity at the local level in multi-nation federal systems. Inclusion in and exclusion from systems of care are shaped by and can reshape notions of identity and citizenship, underlining the need for inclusive sociopolitical systems to mitigate crises in multi-nation federal states.

中文翻译：

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我们空手而归：印度东北部那加移民工人的 COVID-19、护理和有争议的公民身份

COVID-19 强调了危机时期身份和公民身份、脆弱性以及纳入/排除护理系统等问题之间的相互联系。来自印度东北部那加兰邦的移民工人受到疫情社会经济后果的影响尤为严重。突发公共卫生事件使人们对谁是“印度人”以及与该身份相关的公民权利产生了疑问，从而加剧了移民被排除在中央结构之外的情况。那加兰邦的社区应对措施增强了面对政府应对措施往往不足的复原力；然而，COVID-19 也暴露了那加社区内部和之间的结构性不平等。这项研究表明，基于身份的公民制度和多国联邦制相互作用，增加了少数族裔在危机期间的排斥，并且危机可以加强多国联邦体系中地方层面的分裂和团结。护理系统的包容和排斥是由身份和公民概念决定的，并且可以重塑身份和公民身份的概念，强调需要包容性的社会政治体系来缓解多民族联邦国家的危机。