The main purpose of this research is to characterize the wettability and microstructure of Bauhinia variegata L. flowers and leaves, aiming to provide a biological template for the preparation of hydrophobic surfaces. The contact angle test results show that the surfaces of flowers and leaves are hydrophobic, and the contact angle of the adaxial side and abaxial side of the leaves is highly significant difference, which is mainly affected by the topological morphology of the surface microstructure. The topological structure of flower and leaf surface morphology was revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and super-depth of field three-dimensional microscope. The results showed that the cell structure of flower surface array was the main factor leading to the hydrophobicity of flowers. The snowflake-like structure on the leaf surface is the main factor leading to hydrophobicity of leaves, and the burr structure of the micro-nano dual-level structure unique to the abaxial side of the leaf further enhances the hydrophobicity of the abaxial side, and the contact angle increases, resulting in a highly significant difference in wettability between the adaxial side and abaxial side. This provides an important biological template and reference value for the preparation of biomimetic materials.

本研究的主要目的是表征紫荆花和叶的润湿性和微观结构，旨在为疏水表面的制备提供生物模板。接触角测试结果表明，花和叶子表面均具有疏水性，且叶子近轴侧和远轴侧的接触角差异极显着，这主要受表面微结构拓扑形态的影响。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和超景深三维显微镜揭示了花和叶表面形态的拓扑结构。结果表明，花表面阵列的细胞结构是导致花疏水性的主要因素。叶面的雪花状结构是导致叶片疏水性的主要因素，而叶片背面特有的微纳双层结构的毛刺结构进一步增强了背面的疏水性，接触角增大，导致近轴侧和远轴侧之间的润湿性差异非常显着。这为仿生材料的制备提供了重要的生物模板和参考价值。