The global prevalence of depression has risen over the past three decades across all socioeconomic groups and geographic regions, with a particularly rapid increase in prevalence among adolescents (aged 12–17 years) in the United States. Depression imposes large health, economic, and societal costs, including reduced life span and quality of life, medical costs, and reduced educational attainment and workplace productivity. A wide range of treatment modalities for depression are available, but socioeconomic disparities in treatment access are driven by treatment costs, lack of culturally tailored options, stigma, and provider shortages, among other barriers. This review highlights the need for comparative research to better understand treatments’ relative efficacy, cost-effectiveness, scalability, and potential heterogeneity in efficacy across socioeconomic groups and country and cultural contexts. To address the growing burden of depression, mental health policy could consider reducing restrictions on the supply of providers, implementing digital interventions, reducing stigma, and promoting healthy lifestyles.Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Public Health, Volume 45 is April 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

中文翻译：

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抑郁症治疗的经济学

过去三十年来，全球所有社会经济群体和地理区域的抑郁症患病率均有所上升，其中美国青少年（12-17 岁）的患病率上升尤其迅速。抑郁症造成巨大的健康、经济和社会成本，包括寿命和生活质量的缩短、医疗费用以及教育程度和工作生产力的降低。抑郁症的治疗方式多种多样，但治疗获取方面的社会经济差异是由治疗成本、缺乏适合文化的选择、耻辱和提供者短缺等障碍造成的。本综述强调需要进行比较研究，以更好地了解治疗的相对疗效、成本效益、可扩展性以及跨社会经济群体、国家和文化背景的疗效的潜在异质性。为了解决日益严重的抑郁症负担，精神卫生政策可以考虑减少对提供者供应的限制、实施数字干预、减少耻辱并促进健康的生活方式。《公共卫生年度回顾》第 45 卷的预计最终在线发布日期是 4 月2024 年。请参阅 http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates 了解修订后的估计。