Purpose

The incidence of anal cancer is on the rise in the US, especially among high-risk groups. This study examined the prevalence and determinants of awareness of the causal relationship between HPV and anal cancer among US adults.

Methods

Study data was obtained from the 2017 to 2020 iterations of the Health Information National Trends Survey. The prevalence of awareness that HPV causes anal cancer was estimated among HINTS respondents who were aware of HPV in general. Survey weights were used to provide estimates representative of the adult US population. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine the associations between awareness that HPV causes anal cancer and cancer-related behaviors/perceptions and sociodemographic characteristics of respondents.

Results

Two thousand six hundred and eighty four (27.2%) of the study population were aware that HPV caused anal cancer. Those of gay sexual orientation were more aware than heterosexuals [OR 2.27; 95% CI (1.24, 4.14)]. Compared to respondents with a high school diploma or less, individuals with some college education [OR 1.38; 95% CI (1.03, 1.85)] and those with at least a college degree [OR 1.52; 95% CI (1.17, 1.98)] were more likely to be aware. Participants who had positive cancer information seeking behavior were more aware of the HPV-anal cancer link compared to those who did not [OR 1.57; 95% CI (1.30, 1.89)].

Conclusion

Population-level awareness that HPV causes anal cancer remains critically low in the US. Sexual orientation, level of education and cancer information seeking behavior are associated with increased awareness of the causal relationship between HPV and anal cancer. Efforts should be directed toward addressing the awareness gap among individuals with lower education levels and promoting curiosity-driven information seeking behaviors.

中文翻译：

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美国成年人对人乳头瘤病毒与肛门癌之间因果关系的认识

 目的

在美国，肛门癌的发病率正在上升，尤其是在高危人群中。本研究调查了美国成年人中 HPV 与肛门癌之间因果关系的患病率和决定因素。

 方法

研究数据来自 2017 年至 2020 年健康信息全国趋势调查迭代。在一般了解 HPV 的 HINTS 受访者中估计了 HPV 导致肛门癌的知晓率。调查权重用于提供代表美国成年人口的估计值。使用多变量逻辑回归来检查 HPV 导致肛门癌的认识与癌症相关行为/看法以及受访者的社会人口特征之间的关联。

 结果

2684 (27.2%) 的研究人群知道 HPV 会导致肛门癌。同性恋者比异性恋者更有意识[OR 2.27； 95% CI (1.24, 4.14)]。与拥有高中或以下学历的受访者相比，受过大学教育的人[OR 1.38；OR 1.38； 95% CI (1.03, 1.85)] 和至少拥有大学学位的人 [OR 1.52； 95% CI (1.17, 1.98)]更有可能意识到这一点。与那些没有积极寻求癌症信息行为的参与者相比，那些有积极的癌症信息寻求行为的参与者更了解 HPV 与肛门癌的联系 [OR 1.57; 95% CI (1.30, 1.89)]。

 结论

在美国，人们对 HPV 导致肛门癌的认识仍然极低。性取向、教育水平和癌症信息寻求行为与人们对 HPV 和肛门癌之间因果关系的认识提高有关。应努力解决教育水平较低的个人之间的意识差距，并促进好奇心驱动的信息寻求行为。