The optimization of electrochemical energy storage devices (EES) for low-temperature conditions is crucial in light of the growing demand for convenient living in such environments. Sluggish ion transport or the freezing of electrolytes at the electrode-electrolyte interface are the primary factors that limit the performance of EES under low temperatures, leading to fading of capacity and instability in device performance. This review provides a comprehensive overview of antifreeze strategies for various electrolytes (including aqueous electrolytes, organic electrolytes, and ionic liquids), and optimization methods for ion transport at the electrolyte-electrode. Additionally, the main challenges and forward-looking views are highlighted on the design and development of low-temperature electrolytes and EES devices.

中文翻译：

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用于电化学储能装置的低温电解质：体积和界面特性


鉴于对低温条件下便利生活的需求不断增长，电化学储能装置（EES）在低温条件下的优化至关重要。离子传输缓慢或电极-电解质界面电解质冻结是限制EES在低温下性能的主要因素，导致容量衰减和器件性能不稳定。本综述全面概述了各种电解质（包括水电解质、有机电解质和离子液体）的防冻策略以及电解质-电极离子传输的优化方法。此外，还强调了低温电解质和EES设备的设计和开发的主要挑战和前瞻性观点。