Non-Gaussian quantum states are a known necessary resource for reaching a quantum advantage and for violating Bell inequalities in continuous variable systems. As one kind of manifestation of quantum correlations, Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering enables verification of shared entanglement even when one of the subsystems is not characterized. However, how to detect and classify such an effect for non-Gaussian states is far from being well understood. Here, we present an efficient non-Gaussian steering criterion based on the high-order observables and conduct a systematic investigation into the hierarchy of non-Gaussian steering criteria. Moreover, we apply our criterion to three experimentally-relevant non-Gaussian states under realistic conditions and, in particular, propose a feasible scheme to create multi-component cat states with tunable size by performing a suitable high-order quadrature measurement on the steering party. Our work reveals the fundamental characteristics of non-Gaussianity and quantum correlations, and offers new insights to explore their applications in quantum information processing.

中文翻译：

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非高斯爱因斯坦-波多尔斯基-罗森转向认证


非高斯量子态是在连续变量系统中达到量子优势和违反贝尔不等式的已知必要资源。作为量子相关性的一种表现形式，爱因斯坦-波多尔斯基-罗森转向即使在其中一个子系统尚未表征的情况下也能够验证共享纠缠。然而，如何检测和分类非高斯态的这种效应还远未得到很好的理解。在这里，我们提出了一种基于高阶可观测量的有效非高斯导向准则，并对非高斯导向准则的层次结构进行了系统研究。此外，我们将我们的标准应用于现实条件下的三个实验相关的非高斯状态，特别是，提出了一种可行的方案，通过对转向方执行适当的高阶正交测量来创建具有可调大小的多分量猫状态。我们的工作揭示了非高斯性和量子相关性的基本特征，并为探索它们在量子信息处理中的应用提供了新的见解。