Rapuc et al. (Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2023) found that Full-Scale IQ of preterm children is significantly lower than full-term children. Also, although the structure of intelligence appeared to involve the same clusters of cognitive ability, relations between abilities were stronger in preterm children, implying that abilities are more differentiated in full-term than in preterm children. This commentary examined if these findings hold when different modelling methods are used. Instead of the network analysis used in the target article (Rapuc et al., 2023), I used confirmatory factor analysis and special forms of structural equation modelling designed to capture interactions between processes and their differentiation from general cognitive ability. I found, in line with the target article, that premature children scored lower overall in cognitive ability, and that cognitive processes are more strongly related in preterm than in full-term children. However, in contrast to the target article, specific abilities tended to differentiate with increasing general ability in preterm rather than in full-term children. In full-term children, increases in specific abilities were commensurate with increases in general ability. These differences may reflect slower development in preterm children and stronger dependence on executive processes dominating in preschool. Clinical implications are discussed.

中文翻译：

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早产儿的智力与足月儿有区别吗？ Rapuc 等人的评论。 (2023)

Rapuc 等人。 （Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry，2023）发现早产儿的全面智商明显低于足月儿。此外，尽管智力结构似乎涉及相同的认知能力集群，但早产儿的能力之间的关系更强，这意味着足月儿的能力比早产儿的差异更大。本评论研究了当使用不同的建模方法时这些发现是否成立。我没有使用目标文章中使用的网络分析（Rapuc et al., 2023），而是使用了验证性因素分析和特殊形式的结构方程建模，旨在捕获过程之间的相互作用及其与一般认知能力的区别。我发现，与目标文章一致，早产儿的认知能力总体得分较低，而且早产儿的认知过程比足月儿的相关性更强。然而，与目标文章相反，早产儿而不是足月儿的特定能力往往会随着一般能力的提高而出现差异。在足月儿童中，特定能力的增长与一般能力的增长相称。这些差异可能反映出早产儿的发育较慢，以及对学前班占主导地位的执行过程的更强依赖。讨论了临床意义。