It has been argued that habitually appraising stressful events as more of a threat (i.e., situational demands exceed personal coping resources) may increase one's risk of ill-health (e.g., depression). However, while first theorized 15 years ago, little research has tested this assertion. Thus, this study offered a novel test of the associations between trait challenge and threat appraisals and health-related outcomes (i.e., mental health symptomology, psychological well-being, and physical health complaints). Three hundred and ninety-five participants (251 female, 144 male; M_age = 22.50 years, SD = 5.33) completed valid and reliable measures of trait challenge and threat appraisals, mental health (i.e., symptoms of depression and anxiety), well-being (e.g., subjective vitality), and physical health complaints (e.g., respiratory illnesses). Regression analyses revealed that trait challenge and threat appraisals accounted for a significant proportion of variance in all outcomes after controlling for age and gender, with a tendency to appraise stressful events as more of a threat associated with poorer mental health (i.e., greater depression symptomology), well-being (e.g., lower vitality), and physical health (e.g., more respiratory illnesses). Taken together, the findings highlight the importance of trait challenge and threat appraisals for health, although further research is needed using stronger designs (e.g., longitudinal) to enable a more causal understanding.

中文翻译：

---

将压力情况视为威胁越大的倾向与较差的健康和福祉相关

有人认为，习惯性地将压力事件视为威胁（即情境需求超过个人应对资源）可能会增加一个人健康不良（例如抑郁）的风险。然而，虽然 15 年前首次提出理论，但很少有研究验证这一说法。因此，这项研究为特质挑战和威胁评估与健康相关结果（即心理健康症状学、心理健康和身体健康主诉）之间的关联提供了一种新颖的测试。395 名参与者（251 名女性，144 名男性；M_年龄 = 22.50 岁，SD  = 5.33）完成了有效且可靠的特质挑战和威胁评估、心理健康（即抑郁和焦虑症状）、良好-存在（例如，主观活力）和身体健康问题（例如，呼吸系统疾病）。回归分析显示，在控制年龄和性别后，特质挑战和威胁评估在所有结果中占很大比例的方差，倾向于将压力事件评估为与较差的心理健康状况（即更严重的抑郁症状）相关的威胁。 、幸福感（例如，活力较低）和身体健康（例如，更多的呼吸道疾病）。总而言之，这些发现强调了特征挑战和威胁评估对健康的重要性，尽管需要使用更强的设计（例如纵向）进行进一步研究以实现更因果的理解。