Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic occlusive cerebrovascular disease with the development of a network of abnormal vessels. Immune inflammation is associated with the occurrence and development of MMD. However, the mechanisms underlying the formation of the abnormal vascular network remain unclear. Twenty-eight patients with MMD, 26 ischemic stroke patients, and 26 unrelated healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study The data showed that the levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were higher in MMD patients than in healthy controls (P <0.01), and GM-CSF was mainly from Th1 and Th17 cells in MMD. We found that increased GM-CSF drove monocytes to secrete a series of cytokines associated with angiogenesis, inflammation, and chemotaxis. In summary, our findings demonstrate for the first time the important involvement of GM-CSF in MMD and that GM-CSF is an important factor in the formation of abnormal vascular networks in MMD.

烟雾病 (MMD) 是一种慢性闭塞性脑血管疾病，伴有异常血管网络的发展。免疫炎症与MMD的发生、发展有关。然而，异常血管网络形成的机制仍不清楚。本研究纳入了 28 名 MMD 患者、26 名缺血性中风患者和 26 名无关健康志愿者。数据显示，MMD 患者的粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）水平高于健康对照者(P <0.01)，MMD中GM-CSF主要来自Th1和Th17细胞。我们发现增加的GM-CSF驱动单核细胞分泌一系列与血管生成、炎症和趋化性相关的细胞因子。综上所述，我们的研究结果首次证实了GM-CSF在MMD中的重要参与，并且GM-CSF是MMD异常血管网络形成的重要因素。