The specific features and requirements of island regions and rural areas make Mobility as a Service (MaaS) an attractive and evolving concept in the realm of Intercity/Rural/Island transportation. The primary goal of this research is to provide qualitative insights relative to the added value and development of MaaS for the previously mentioned transport services through a case study from Greece, a country with approximately 250 inhabited islands. In island settings, the primary societal motivation for MaaS is to enhance the accessibility of islands and improve individuals' access to multiple transport services. MaaS is found to have a strong potential to act as an enabler for more efficient transport and better accessibility to remote/island locations, acting in a complementary manner with currently applied “external” measures such as the Greek “Transport Equivalent”. To further assess the potential, development and impact of MaaS a focus group comprised by key-representatives from industry and academia stakeholders is created. The MaaS Ecosystem, as described by the experts, is comprised of the MaaS Provider, all the intercity/rural/island transport providers currently operating in the Greek market, MaaS Enabling entities (associations, regulators, investors, research institutions), the Integration Drivers and the customers. The issue of transport providers’ liability in case of disruptions and existing market regulations constitute, according to the results, an important challenge towards development of an Intercity MaaS, which needs to be addressed by legislative studies in a pan-European level. Most likely user groups for Intercity/Rural/Island MaaS are young people and digitally educated people, whilst less likely patronage groups are the elderly and “vulnerable” population groups. Relative to the external environment, high degree of fragmentation of the intercity transport industry combined by “autonomous” behavior of actors (“silo effect”) appears to be the greatest threat towards MaaS whilst anticipated capital investments in infrastructure and vehicles, which are foreseen in the proxime future, are the greatest opportunities.

中文翻译：

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开发城际旅行和出行的移动即服务 (MaaS)农村/岛屿地区：希腊案例研究

岛屿地区和农村地区的具体特征和要求使移动即服务 (MaaS) 成为城际/农村/岛屿交通领域中一个有吸引力且不断发展的概念。本研究的主要目标是通过希腊（一个拥有约 250 个有人居住岛屿的国家）的案例研究，提供与前面提到的运输服务的 MaaS 附加值和发展相关的定性见解。在岛屿环境中，MaaS 的主要社会动机是增强岛屿的可达性并改善个人的生活质量。使用多种交通服务。人们发现，MaaS 具有强大的潜力，可以作为更高效的运输和更好地访问偏远/岛屿地点的推动者，与当前采用的“外部”措施（例如希腊“运输当量”）以互补的方式发挥作用。为了进一步评估 MaaS 的潜力、发展和影响，成立了由行业和学术界利益相关者的主要代表组成的焦点小组。正如专家所描述的，MaaS 生态系统由 MaaS 提供商、目前在希腊市场运营的所有城际/农村/岛屿交通提供商、MaaS 支持实体（协会、监管机构、投资者、研究机构）、集成驱动因素组成和客户。结果表明，交通供应商在发生中断时的责任问题和现有的市场法规构成了城际 MaaS 发展的一个重要挑战，需要通过泛欧洲层面的立法研究来解决。城际/农村/岛屿 MaaS 最有可能的用户群体是年轻人和受过数字化教育的人，而不太可能的惠顾群体是老年人和“弱势”群体。相对于外部环境，城际交通行业的高度分散加上参与者的“自主”行为（“筒仓效应”）似乎是 MaaS 的最大威胁，而基础设施和车辆的预期资本投资（预计在近在眼前的未来，是最大的机遇。