The mining and smelting site soils in South China present excessive Cd pollution. However, the transport behavior of Cd in the highly weathered acidic soil layer at the lead–zinc smelting site remains unclear. Here, under different conditions of simulated infiltration, the migration behavior of Cd²⁺ in acid smelting site soils at different depths was examined. The remodeling effect of Cd²⁺ migration behavior on microbial community structure and the dominant microorganisms in lead–zinc sites soils was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. The results revealed a specific flow rate in the range of 0.3–0.5 mL/min that the convection and dispersion have no obvious effect on Cd²⁺ migration. The variation of packing porosity could only influence the migration behavior by changing the average pore velocity, but cannot change the adsorption efficiency of soil particles. The Cd has stronger migration capacity under the reactivation of acidic seepage fluid. However, in the alkaline solution, the physical properties of soil, especially pores, intercept the Cd compounds, further affecting their migration capacity. The acid-site soil with high content of SOM, amorphous Fe oxides, crystalline Fe/Mn/Al oxides, goethite, and hematite has stronger ability to adsorb and retain Cd²⁺. However, higher content of kaolinite in acidic soil will increase the potential migration of Cd²⁺. Besides, the migration behavior of Cd²⁺ results in simplified soil microbial communities. Under Cd stress, Cd-tolerant genera (Bacteroides, Sphingomonas, Bradyrhizobium, and Corynebacterium) and bacteria with both acid-Cd tolerance (WCHB 1-84) were distinguished. The Ralstonia showed a high enrichment degree in alkaline Cd²⁺ infiltration solution (pH 10.0). Compared to the influence of Cd²⁺ stress, soil pH had a stronger ability to shape the microbial community in the soil during the process of Cd²⁺ migration.

华南地区采矿、冶炼场地土壤存在镉污染超标。然而，镉在铅锌冶炼场强风化酸性土层中的迁移行为仍不清楚。本研究在不同的模拟入渗条件下，考察了Cd²⁺在酸冶炼场不同深度土壤中的迁移行为。利用16S高通量测序分析Cd²⁺迁移行为对铅锌场地土壤微生物群落结构和优势微生物的重塑作用rRNA 基因扩增子。结果表明，特定流速在0.3–0.5 mL/min范围内，对流和弥散对Cd²⁺迁移没有明显影响。填充孔隙率的变化只能通过改变平均孔隙速度来影响迁移行为，而不能改变土颗粒的吸附效率。 Cd在酸性渗流液的再活化作用下具有较强的迁移能力。然而，在碱性溶液中，土壤的物理性质，特别是孔隙，会拦截Cd化合物，进一步影响其迁移能力。 SOM、非晶态Fe氧化物、晶态Fe/Mn/Al氧化物、针铁矿、赤铁矿含量高的酸性土壤对Cd的吸附和截留能力较强²⁺。然而，酸性土壤中较高的高岭石含量会增加Cd的潜在迁移量²⁺。此外，Cd²⁺的迁移行为导致土壤微生物群落的简化。镉胁迫下，耐镉属（拟杆菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属、< /span>）和具有酸镉耐受性的细菌（< /span>胁迫的影响相比，Cd 迁移。²⁺²⁺渗透溶液（pH 10.0）。与Cd²⁺在碱性Cd渗透溶液中表现出较高的富集度Ralstonia 被区分。 WCHB 1-84)棒状杆菌和缓生根瘤菌