Background

Bone defects lead to dramatic changes in the quality of life. Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and decellularized bone matrix (DBM) are natural scaffolds for tissue regeneration. The microcarrier scaffolds enable better vascularization and cell proliferation. This study compared the effect of microcarrier forms of DBM and ADM-loaded with adipose stem cells (ASCs) in the repair of compact bone defect in-vivo.

Methods

Fifty-four male rats were divided into 4 groups; (i) Group (Gp) I: sham control; (ii) GpII: underwent femur bone defect induction and left to heal spontaneously; (iii) GpIII (ADM-Gp): included 2 subgroups; IIIa and IIIb: the bone defects were filled with non-loaded ADM and ADM-loaded with ASCs, respectively; (iv) GpIV (DBM-Gp): included 2 subgroups; IVa and IVb: the bone defects were filled with non-loaded DBM and DBM-loaded with ASCs, respectively. Animals were euthanized after 1, 2 and 3 months and their femur sections were stained with H&E, Masson's trichrome and immunohistochemistry for CD31, osteopontin and osteocalcin.

Results

Histological analysis illustrated limited bone regeneration in the cortical defect of GpII after 3 months. The histomorphometric analysis showed significant delayed mature collagen deposition as well as CD31, osteopontin and osteocalcin expression. Superior capacity of new bone regeneration was detected with bio-scaffold micro-carriers; loaded or non-loaded with ASCs. However, DBM-loaded with ASCs displayed enhanced regeneration properties confirmed by the apparently normal architecture of the new bone and accelerated expression of CD31, osteopontin and osteocalcin in the regenerated bone after 3 months.

Conclusions

We concluded that decellularized scaffolds significantly improved compact bone regeneration with superiority of ASCs seeded-bone scaffolds.

中文翻译：

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脱细胞真皮基质微载体与负载脂肪干细胞的骨基质生物支架对大鼠骨缺损的再生作用

背景

骨缺陷会导致生活质量发生巨大变化。脱细胞真皮基质（ADM）和脱细胞骨基质（DBM）是组织再生的天然支架。微载体支架能够实现更好的血管化和细胞增殖。本研究比较了装载脂肪干细胞 (ASC) 的 DBM 和 ADM 微载体形式在体内修复致密骨缺损中的效果。

方法

54只雄性大鼠分为4组；(i)组(Gp)I：假对照；(ii) GpII：接受股骨缺损诱导并自然愈合；(iii) GpIII (ADM-Gp)：包括 2 个亚组；IIIa和IIIb：分别用未负载ADM和负载ASC的ADM填充骨缺损；(iv) GpIV (DBM-Gp)：包括 2 个亚组；IVa和IVb：骨缺损分别用未负载的DBM和负载ASC的DBM填充。1、2和3个月后对动物实施安乐死，并用H&E、Masson三色和免疫组织化学对它们的股骨切片进行CD31 、骨桥蛋白和骨钙蛋白染色。

结果

组织学分析表明3 个月后 GpII 皮质缺损的骨再生有限。组织形态分析显示成熟胶原蛋白沉积以及CD31 、骨桥蛋白和骨钙蛋白表达显着延迟。生物支架微载体具有卓越的新骨再生能力；加载或未加载 ASC。然而，负载 ASC 的 DBM 显示出增强的再生特性，这通过新骨的明显正常结构得到证实，并且 3 个月后再生骨中 CD31、骨桥蛋白和骨钙蛋白的表达加速。

结论

我们得出的结论是，脱细胞支架显着改善了致密骨再生，并且具有 ASC 接种骨支架的优越性。