It has been proposed that children and young people living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are not only exposed more frequently to trauma but also have a higher likelihood of encountering traumas of greater severity than those living in high-income countries (HICs). This may lead to higher rates of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). However, developmental pathways to risk or resilience after trauma exposure in LMICs are underresearched.

中文翻译：

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南非高风险样本中早期依恋和养育方式与青少年对创伤后痛苦的易感性之间的长期关联

有人提出，生活在低收入和中等收入国家（LMIC）的儿童和青少年不仅比生活在高收入国家的儿童和青少年更容易遭受创伤，而且更有可能遭受更严重的创伤。 HIC）。这可能会导致创伤后应激症状（PTSS）的发生率更高。然而，中低收入国家遭受创伤后的风险或恢复力的发展途径尚未得到充分研究。