Although the estimated prevalence of ADHD in the school population is 5%, various studies carried out in Latin America have obtained higher figures. This descriptive-cross-sectional research analysed the prevalence of ADHD symptomatology in a random and probabilistic sample of 1535 schoolchildren from Cuenca-Ecuador (aged from 72 to 164 months, 51.3% were female and 50% attended public schools). IQ was evaluated using the Raven's Progressive Matrices Test. The ADHD symptomatology was evaluated using the short version of Conners-3. Descriptive statistics, chisquares and prevalence data were calculated. We found a total prevalence of ADHD symptomatology of 20.3%. A higher prevalence of ADHD symptomatology was reported among girls compared to boys; and in public schools (compared to private schools). These findings may reflect a higher occurrence of ADHD in vulnerable populations that tend to be less well cared for. Although the results do not come from complete individual clinical evaluations, the representativeness of the sample and the simultaneous presence of scores above the cut-off points in the home and school contexts show a worrying situation that should be taken into account by agents responsible for the design of public health and education policies.

中文翻译：

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厄瓜多尔学童（6-11 岁）注意力缺陷多动障碍症状的患病率

尽管在校学生中多动症的患病率估计为 5%，但在拉丁美洲进行的各种研究获得了更高的数字。这项描述性横断面研究分析了来自厄瓜多尔昆卡的 1535 名学童（年龄从 72 至 164 个月，51.3% 是女性，50% 就读公立学校）的随机和概率样本中 ADHD 症状的患病率。使用瑞文渐进矩阵测试来评估智商。使用 Conners-3 的简短版本评估 ADHD 症状。计算了描述性统计、卡方和患病率数据。我们发现 ADHD 症状的总患病率为 20.3%。与男孩相比，女孩中 ADHD 症状的患病率更高；和公立学校（与私立学校相比）。这些发现可能反映出，在往往得不到良好照顾的弱势群体中，多动症的发生率较高。尽管结果并非来自完整的个人临床评估，但样本的代表性以及家庭和学校环境中同时存在高于截止点的分数显示出令人担忧的情况，负责该问题的代理人应考虑到这一情况。公共卫生和教育政策的设计。