Drug delivery systems, where the nanofluid flow with electroosmosis and mixed convection can help in efficient and targeted drug delivery to specific cells or organs, could benefit from understanding the behavior of nanofluids in biological systems. In current work, authors have studied the theoretical model of two-dimensional ciliary flow of blood-based (Eyring–Powell) nanofluid model with the insertion of ternary hybrid nanoparticles along with the effects of electroosmosis, magnetohydrodynamics, thermal radiations, and mixed convection. Moreover, the features of entropy generation are also taken into consideration. The system is modeled in a wave frame with the approximations of large wave number and neglecting turbulence effects. The problem is solved numerically by using the shooting method with the assistance of computational software “Mathematica” for solving the governing equation. According to the temperature curves, the temperature will increase as the Hartman number, fluid factor, ohmic heating, and cilia length increase. It is also disclosed that ternary hybrid nanoparticles result in a change in flow rate when other problem parameters are varied, and the same is true for temperature graphs. Engineers and scientists can make better use of nanofluid-based cooling systems in electronics, automobiles, and industrial processes with the aid of the study's findings.

中文翻译：

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艾林-鲍威尔三元混合纳米流体通过电渗和混合对流通道的纤毛流中的熵产生

在药物输送系统中，纳米流体通过电渗和混合对流流动有助于将药物有效且有针对性地输送到特定细胞或器官，这可以从了解纳米流体在生物系统中的行为中受益。在目前的工作中，作者研究了插入三元混合纳米粒子的基于血液的二维纤毛流（Eyring-Powell）纳米流体模型以及电渗、磁流体动力学、热辐射和混合对流的影响。此外，还考虑了熵产生的特征。该系统在波框架中建模，具有大波数的近似值并忽略湍流效应。该问题采用射击法并借助计算软件“Mathematica”求解控制方程进行数值求解。根据温度曲线，温度将随着哈特曼数、流体因子、欧姆加热和纤毛长度的增加而增加。还公开了当其他问题参数变化时，三元杂化纳米粒子导致流速变化，对于温度图也是如此。借助该研究结果，工程师和科学家可以在电子、汽车和工业流程中更好地利用基于纳米流体的冷却系统。