In no-till agroecosystems, presence of the earthworm L. can be a key driver in the replenishment of soil organic matter stocks post-harvest, through surface residue foraging and incorporation. The impact on such systems under different climatic conditions is, however, still unquantified. A field experiment was designed to determine incorporation of cereal harvest residues at three no-till agricultural sites in boreal conditions (SW Finland) focusing on impacts over the period from autumn harvest to spring sowing. Either spring barley, wheat or oats were cultivated at the sites. Following the harvests, representative masses of residues were applied on small experimental plots (0.25 m) with cleaned soil surfaces in areas of inherently high (LT+: 10.6 ± 2.1 ind. 0.25 m) and low (LT-: 1.8 ± 0.7 ind. 0.25 m) density within the fields. Residues were covered with metal mesh caging and left until spring sowing, when changes in residue mass were recorded and plots sampled for earthworms. The reduction of straw residue mass varied between sites, from no difference between the LT+ and LT- treatments to 19 % and 59 % higher mass reduction in LT+. Amount of earthworm castings on the residues was also quantified and findings indicated a positive correlation with earthworm (also endogeic) density. For , earthworm species abundance relationships indicated competitive interaction with epigeics and positive interaction with endogeics. Results showed that foraging can enhance the incorporation of cereal surface residues outside of the boreal growing season and that earthworm surface casting also has a role in residue burial. However, the increase of incorporation by activity, interrupted by winter conditions, was moderate and did not lead to marked exposition of the soil surface by experimental end, even at those plots with the highest foraging. The incorporation rate estimates may have been unrepresentative due to the exceptionally late harvest during the study period. Investigations covering the whole year from multiple growing seasons are needed for a comprehensive assessment of earthworm impacts on crop surface residue dynamics.

中文翻译：

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蚯蚓生物扰动的两个方面：免耕管理中的作物残茬觅食埋藏和地表抛撒

在免耕农业生态系统中，蚯蚓 L. 的存在可以通过表面残留物觅食和掺入，成为收获后补充土壤有机质库的关键驱动力。然而，不同气候条件下对此类系统的影响仍然无法量化。设计了一项田间试验，以确定在北方条件下（芬兰西南部）三个免耕农业地点添加谷物收获残留物的情况，重点关注从秋季收获到春季播种期间的影响。这些地点种植春大麦、小麦或燕麦。收获后，将代表性质量的残留物施用于小型试验田（0.25 m），在固有高（LT+：10.6 ± 2.1 ind. 0.25 m）和低（LT-：1.8 ± 0.7 ind. 0.25）区域清洁土壤表面。 m) 场内的密度。残留物用金属网笼盖住，直到春播，记录残留物质量的变化并对蚯蚓进行取样。不同地点秸秆残渣质量的减少量有所不同，从 LT+ 和 LT- 处理之间没有差异到 LT+ 处理的质量减少量高出 19% 和 59%。还对残留物上的蚯蚓排泄物的数量进行了量化，结果表明与蚯蚓（也是内生的）密度呈正相关。对于 ，蚯蚓物种丰度关系表明与表生学的竞争性相互作用以及与内生学的正相互作用。结果表明，在北方生长季节之外，觅食可以增强谷物表面残留物的吸收，并且蚯蚓的表面铸造也对残留物埋藏有一定作用。然而，由于冬季条件的中断，活动掺入的增加是适度的，并且在实验结束时并没有导致土壤表面显着暴露，即使在那些觅食最多的地块上也是如此。由于研究期间收获异常晚，掺入率估计值可能不具有代表性。需要对全年多个生长季节进行调查，以全面评估蚯蚓对作物表面残留动态的影响。