Feed costs and carcass yields affect the profitability and sustainability of sheep production. Therefore, it is crucial to select animals with a higher feed efficiency and high-quality meat production. This study focuses on the impact of dietary and genetic factors on production traits such as feed efficiency, carcass quality, and meat quality. Diets promote optimal sheep growth and development and provide sufficient protein can lead to higher-quality meat. However, establishing an optimized production system requires careful consideration and balance of dietary parameters. This includes ensuring adequate protein intake and feeding diets with higher intestinal absorption rates to enhance nutrient absorption in the gut. The study identifies specific genes, such as Callipyge, Calpastatin, and Myostatin, and the presence of causal mutations in these genes, as factors influencing animal growth rates, feed efficiency, and meat fatty acid profiles. Additionally, variants of other reported genes, including PIGY, UCP1, MEF2B, TNNC2, FABP4, SCD, FASN, ADCY8, ME1, CA1, GLIS1, IL1RAPL1, SOX5, SOX6, and IGF1, show potential as markers for sheep selection. A meta-analysis of reported heritability estimates reveals that residual feed intake (0.27 ± 0.07), hot carcass weight (0.26 ± 0.05), dressing percentage (0.23 ± 0.05), and intramuscular fat content (0.45 ± 0.04) are moderately to highly heritable traits. This suggests that these traits are less influenced by environmental factors and could be improved through genetic selection. Additionally, positive genetic correlations exist between body weight and hot carcass weight (0.91 ± 0.06), dressing percentage (0.35 ± 0.15), and shear force (0.27 ± 0.24), indicating that selecting for higher body weight could lead to favorable changes in carcass quality, and meat quality.

中文翻译：

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深入了解饮食和遗传学对绵羊饲料效率和产肉量的影响

饲料成本和胴体产量影响绵羊生产的盈利能力和可持续性。因此，选择饲料效率较高、产肉质量高的动物至关重要。本研究重点关注饮食和遗传因素对饲料效率、胴体质量和肉质等生产性状的影响。饮食促进绵羊最佳生长和发育并提供足够的蛋白质可以产生更高质量的肉。然而，建立优化的生产系统需要仔细考虑和平衡膳食参数。这包括确保足够的蛋白质摄入量和喂养具有较高肠道吸收率的饮食，以增强肠道中的营养吸收。该研究确定了特定基因，如Callipyge、Calpastatin和Myostatin，以及这些基因中因果突变的存在，作为影响动物生长率、饲料效率和肉类脂肪酸谱的因素。此外，其他报道基因的变体，包括PIGY、UCP1、MEF2B、TNNC2、FABP4、SCD、FASN、ADCY8、ME1、CA1、GLIS1、IL1RAPL1、SOX5、SOX6和IGF1，显示出作为绵羊选择标记的潜力。对报告的遗传力估计值的荟萃分析表明，残余采食量（0.27±0.07）、热胴体重量（0.26±0.05）、屠宰率（0.23±0.05）和肌内脂肪含量（0.45±0.04）具有中度至高度遗传性特征。这表明这些性状受环境因素的影响较小，可以通过遗传选择得到改善。此外，体重与热胴体重量（0.91±0.06）、屠宰率（0.35±0.15）和剪切力（0.27±0.24）之间存在正向遗传相关性，表明选择较高体重可能会导致胴体发生有利的变化。品质和肉质。