Objective:Hemispherectomy (HE) is a surgical intervention to treat intractable epilepsy. It involves disconnecting or removing the right or left cerebral hemisphere, depending on the location of the pathological substrate or epileptogenic activity. HE impacts neural functions related to social cognition (Fournier et al., 2008). This study investigates the effects of childhood HE on social deception and sarcasm using the Thames Awareness of Social Inferences Task (TASIT; McDonald, Flanagan, & Rollins, 2010) to explore emotion identification and social inference appraisal as adults.Participants and Methods:Fifteen adults with hemispherectomy and 16 neurotypical controls completed the TASIT. All HE patients underwent hemispherectomy (right-HE = 10) during childhood (age of surgery = 3 months to 16 years) and had FSIQ > 70 at the time of study. HE and control groups were matched for age (HE M = 25.7, SD = 5.4; control M = 27.1, SD = 10.7) and education (HE M = 14.0, SD = 1.88; control M = 13.3, SD = 1.8). FSIQ was significantly lower in the HE group than control group (HE M= 90.8, SD = 9.4; control (M = 100.4, SD = 7.1). TASIT uses videotaped vignettes to assess aspects of social perception: emotion recognition (Part 1), social inference regarding sincerity, simple sarcasm, and paradoxical sarcasm (Part 2) and social inference regarding sincerity of speech (lie vs sarcasm) in the presence of additional text or visual cues (Part 3).Results:For Part 1, MANCOVA (covarying FSIQ) found no group difference in emotion identification. Analysis of data from Part 2 was conducted using repeated measures ANCOVA accounting for 2 groups x 3 conditions (sincere, simple sarcasm, and paradoxical sarcasm) and revealed only a significant overall group effect, F (1, 28) = 5.72, p = .024, np2 = .170. Likewise, analysis of Part 3 using repeated measures ANCOVA accounting for 2 groups x 2 cue types (visual, text) and 2 actor intentions (lie, sarcasm) revealed only a significant overall group effect, F (1,28) = 11.35, p = .002, np2 = .288, with no interaction of group by condition.Conclusions:HE patients exhibited no difficulty identifying basic emotional expressions. Performance was significantly impaired when additional social information was added to the context (i.e., detecting sarcasm or deception). HE patients begin to struggle with the complexity of new social information or how it changes the meaning of a conversation. Even simple sarcastic exchanges are difficult to interpret. When a visual or textual cue was introduced to reveal the true state of affairs, HE patients could not could integrate the information into their interpretations of the scenario. There are unique contributions of the left and right hemispheres to cognitive processes for complex social behavior, and absence of an entire hemisphere results in deficits in social language comprehension. Future research should investigate performance differences in left vs. right HE patients.

中文翻译：

---

5 儿童半球切除术影响的社会认知和评估言语诚意的能力

目的：大脑半球切除术（HE）是一种治疗顽固性癫痫的外科手术。它涉及断开或移除右或左大脑半球，具体取决于病理基质或致癫痫活动的位置。HE 影响与社会认知相关的神经功能（Fournier 等，2008）。本研究使用泰晤士社会推理意识任务（TASIT；McDonald、Flanagan 和 Rollins，2010）调查儿童 HE 对社会欺骗和讽刺的影响，以探索成人的情绪识别和社会推理评估。 参与者和方法：15 名成年人半球切除术和 16 名神经典型对照完成了 TASIT。所有 HE 患者在儿童时期（手术年龄 = 3 个月至 16 岁）均接受了大脑半球切除术（右-HE = 10），并且在研究时 FSIQ > 70。HE 组和对照组的年龄（HE M = 25.7，SD = 5.4；对照 M = 27.1，SD = 10.7）和教育程度（HE M = 14.0，SD = 1.88；对照 M = 13.3，SD = 1.8）相匹配。HE 组的 FSIQ 显着低于对照组（HE M= 90.8，SD = 9.4；对照组（M = 100.4，SD = 7.1）。TASIT 使用录像片段来评估社会感知的各个方面：情绪识别（第 1 部分）、关于真诚、简单讽刺和矛盾讽刺的社会推理（第 2 部分）以及在存在其他文本或视觉提示的情况下关于言语真诚（谎言与讽刺）的社会推理（第 3 部分）。结果：对于第 1 部分，MANCOVA（协变） FSIQ）发现情绪识别没有群体差异。第 2 部分的数据分析是使用重复测量 ANCOVA 进行的，考虑了 2 组 x 3 个条件（真诚、简单讽刺和矛盾讽刺），并且仅揭示了显着的整体群体效应 F（ 1, 28) = 5.72, p = .024, np2 = .170。同样，使用重复测量 ANCOVA 分析第 3 部分，说明 2 组 x 2 种提示类型（视觉、文本）和 2 个演员意图（谎言、讽刺）只有显着的总体组效应，F (1,28) = 11.35，p = .002，np2 = .288，没有按条件分组的交互作用。结论：HE 患者在识别基本情绪表达方面没有困难。当额外的社交信息添加到上下文中（即检测讽刺或欺骗）时，性能会显着受损。HE 患者开始与新的社会信息的复杂性或它如何改变对话的含义作斗争。即使是简单的讽刺交流也很难解释。当引入视觉或文字提示来揭示真实情况时，HE 患者无法将这些信息整合到他们对场景的解释中。左右半球对复杂社会行为的认知过程有独特的贡献，而整个半球的缺失会导致社会语言理解的缺陷。未来的研究应该调查左右 HE 患者的表现差异。