The present study investigated the phytochemical content of Hibiscus panduriformis, Alternanthera pungens, and Wissadula rostrata and assessed their radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory properties. n-Hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts were prepared from the powdered plant parts. The phytochemical analysis was performed using qualitative high-performance thin-layer chromatography, and polyphenols were quantified using well-established methods. The anti-inflammatory effect was by lipoxygenase inhibition, while the antiradical impact was evaluated through DPPH and ABTS radicals. Steroids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, and tannins were identified in the three plants. The highest phenolic content ( mg gallic acid equivalent/g) was obtained in the methanolic extract of W. rostrata, while the lowest was measured in H. panduriformis. H. panduriformis was found to be highly rich in flavonoids ( mg rutin equivalent/g), condensed tannins ( mg catechin equivalent/g), and hydrolyzable tannins ( mg tannic acid equivalent/g). The methanolic extract of H. panduriformis displayed the greatest antilipoxygenase activity with an IC₅₀ value of  μg/mL. It should be noted that although a moderate to low effect was observed, the extracts were more likely to scavenge DPPH (IC₅₀ values ranged from to 1 mg/mL) than ABTS radicals. There was a strong to moderate correlation between the antilipoxygenase and DPPH radical scavenging effects of the methanolic extracts and total phenolic content (antilipoxygenase, ; DPPH, ). Furthermore, it is worth noting that this is the first report investigating the phytochemical analysis and in vitro biological properties of Hibiscus panduriformis. The results highlighted the richness of this plant in polyphenols and demonstrated its high and moderate effects on lipoxygenase and DPPH radicals, respectively. To this intent, further in vivo and in vitro studies on this plant, along with exhaustive phytochemical analysis, are needed.

中文翻译：

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潘杜里芙蓉的植物化学研究和体外生物活性。F。（锦葵科）、Alternanthera pungens Kunth （苋科）和 Wissadula rostrata (Schumach.) Hook。F。（锦葵科）

本研究调查了Hibiscus panduriformis、Alternanthera pungens和Wissadula rostrata的植物化学成分，并评估了它们的自由基清除和抗炎特性。从粉末状植物部分中制备正己烷、二氯甲烷 (DCM)、乙酸乙酯和甲醇提取物。使用定性高性能薄层色谱法进行植物化学分析，并使用成熟的方法对多酚进行定量。抗炎作用是通过脂氧合酶抑制来评估的，而抗自由基作用是通过DPPH和ABTS自由基来评估的。在这三种植物中鉴定出类固醇、三萜类化合物、黄酮类化合物和单宁酸。酚类物质含量最高（mg没食子酸当量/g)是在W. rostrata 的甲醇提取物中获得的，而最低的是在H. panduriformis中测量到的。H. panduriformis被发现富含类黄酮（ 毫克芦丁当量/克），缩合单宁（ 毫克儿茶素当量/克）和可水解单宁（ 毫克单宁酸当量/克）。H. panduriformis的甲醇提取物表现出最大的抗脂氧合酶活性，IC ₅₀值为 μg /mL。应该指出的是，虽然观察到中度至低度的效果，但提取物更有可能清除 DPPH（IC ₅₀值范围为至 1 mg/mL) 比 ABTS 自由基低。甲醇提取物的抗脂氧合酶和 DPPH 自由基清除作用与总酚含量（抗脂氧合酶、; DPPH,）。此外，值得注意的是，这是第一份研究潘多洛芙蓉植物化学分析和体外生物学特性的。结果突显了该植物富含多酚，并分别证明了其对脂氧合酶和 DPPH 自由基的高和中度作用。为此，需要对该植物进行进一步的体内和体外研究，以及详尽的植物化学分析。