Introduction

The present study aimed to explore the concerns felt by Italian transgender and bisexual+ individuals following the block of the Zan Bill by the Senate, a law against hate crimes based on sex, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, and disability.

Methods

The study was conducted online from December 2021 to March 2022. A qualitative investigation of participants’ answers to the following open-ended question was conducted: “What potential concerns rose in you or were reinforced as a result of the Zan Bill’s block?” The total sample included 201 Italian individuals (137 bisexual+ and 64 transgender). Coding reliability thematic analysis of participants’ responses was conducted.

Results

Through a coding reliability thematic analysis, the authors generated three overarching themes, which can be divided into eight subthemes. The three overarching themes were as follows: (1) concerns for personal safety, i.e., concerns related to expectations of discrimination, physical or psychological violence in various life circumstances, or decreased well-being; (2) concerns about the safety of loved ones or other LGBTQIA+ individuals, women+, and people with disabilities; and (3) concerns about the rule of law in Italy, i.e., concerns related to future sociopolitical scenarios in Italy for bisexual+ and transgender people rights. Themes related to concerns raised among Italian transgender and bisexual+ people have been discussed by adopting the networked model of ecological systems theory.

Conclusions

The block of the Zan Bill raised or reinforced concerns at the individual, family, organizational, and systemic-institutional levels.

Policy Implications

The development of policies in favor and support of Italian bisexual+ and transgender people would increase their well-being.

中文翻译：

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生态系统理论的网络模型讨论意大利双性恋和跨性别者在参议院阻止“赞法案”后的担忧

介绍

本研究旨在探讨意大利跨性别者和双性恋者在参议院阻止《赞法案》后所感受到的担忧，该法案是一项针对基于性别、性别、性取向、性别认同和残疾的仇恨犯罪的法律。

方法

该研究于 2021 年 12 月至 2022 年 3 月在网上进行。对参与者对以下开放式问题的回答进行了定性调查：“赞恩法案的封锁导致您产生或强化了哪些潜在的担忧？” 总样本包括 201 名意大利人（137 名双性恋+，64 名跨性别者）。对参与者的回答进行了编码可靠性主题分析。

结果

通过编码可靠性主题分析，作者生成了三个总体主题，可分为八个子主题。这三个总体主题如下：（1）对人身安全的担忧，即对各种生活环境中的歧视、身体或心理暴力或福祉下降的预期的担忧；(2) 对亲人或其他 LGBTQIA+ 个人、女性+和残疾人的安全的担忧；（3）对意大利法治的担忧，即对意大利未来双性恋+和变性人权利的社会政治情景的担忧。通过采用生态系统理论的网络模型，讨论了与意大利跨性别者和双性恋+人群提出的担忧相关的主题。

结论

《赞恩法案》的受阻引发或强化了个人、家庭、组织和系统机构层面的担忧。

政策影响

制定有利于和支持意大利双性恋和跨性别者的政策将增加他们的福祉。