Diabetic wounds are a significant complication of diabetes that is characterized by delayed wound healing and a high risk of amputation. The overexpression of pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1) and matrix metallo protease-9 (MMP-9) plays a crucial role in the extended inflammatory phase, which is characteristic of these wounds. This study develops multifunctional lipid nanoemulsions known as Quercetin and Rosemary Oil Lipid Nanoemulsions (Q-RLNEs) that can effectively convert M1 to M2 macrophages, inhibit MMP-9 and prevent microbial infections, thereby expediting the healing of diabetic wounds. Q-RLNEs exhibit excellent biocompatibility, cellular uptake, ROS scavenging, macrophage polarization, MMP-9 inhibition, and potent antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. In vivo experiments further reveal Q-RLNE's ability to accelerate complete wound healing in diabetic-induced rats by reducing inflammation, promoting angiogenesis, and facilitating proper collagen deposition and dermal projection regeneration. This study introduces the application of the Segment Anything Model (SAM). SAM combines attention-fusion and hybrid fusion strategies for accurate segmentation, enabling comprehensive analysis of wound attributes over time and guiding treatment decisions. The SAM analysis results also align with Q-RLNE in vitro and in vivo. The findings of this study suggest that Q-RLNE is a promising new therapeutic agent for accelerating diabetic wound healing.

中文翻译：

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使用槲皮素-迷迭香油脂质纳米乳剂和基于人工智能的伤口闭合分析来调节炎症环境，加速糖尿病伤口愈合

糖尿病伤口是糖尿病的一个重要并发症，其特点是伤口愈合延迟和截肢风险高。促炎巨噬细胞 (M1) 和基质金属蛋白酶 9 (MMP-9) 的过度表达在延长的炎症阶段中起着至关重要的作用，这是这些伤口的特征。本研究开发了多功能脂质纳米乳，称为槲皮素和迷迭香油脂质纳米乳（Q-RLNE），可以有效地将M1巨噬细胞转化为M2巨噬细胞，抑制MMP-9并预防微生物感染，从而加速糖尿病伤口的愈合。Q-RLNE 在体外表现出优异的生物相容性、细胞摄取、ROS 清除、巨噬细胞极化、MMP-9 抑制以及对金黄色葡萄球菌的有效抗菌特性。体内实验进一步揭示了 Q-RLNE 通过减少炎症、促进血管生成、促进适当的胶原蛋白沉积和真皮投射再生来加速糖尿病大鼠伤口完全愈合的能力。本研究介绍了分段任意模型（SAM）的应用。SAM 结合了注意力融合和混合融合策略来实现精确分割，从而能够随着时间的推移对伤口属性进行全面分析并指导治疗决策。SAM 分析结果在体外和体内也与 Q-RLNE 一致。这项研究的结果表明，Q-RLNE 是一种有前途的加速糖尿病伤口愈合的新型治疗剂。