Bilinguals possess the ability of expressing themselves in more than one language, and typically do so in contextually rich and dynamic settings. Theories and models have indeed long considered context factors to affect bilingual language production in many ways. However, most experimental studies in this domain have failed to fully incorporate linguistic, social, or physical context aspects, let alone combine them in the same study. Indeed, most experimental psycholinguistic research has taken place in isolated and constrained lab settings with carefully selected words or sentences, rather than under rich and naturalistic conditions. We argue that the most influential experimental paradigms in the psycholinguistic study of bilingual language production fall short of capturing the effects of context on language processing and control presupposed by prominent models. This paper therefore aims to enrich the methodological basis for investigating context aspects in current experimental paradigms and thereby move the field of bilingual language production research forward theoretically. After considering extensions of existing paradigms proposed to address context effects, we present three far-ranging innovative proposals, focusing on virtual reality, dialog situations, and multimodality in the context of bilingual language production.

双语者拥有用不止一种语言表达自己的能力，并且通常在上下文丰富且动态的环境中这样做。理论和模型确实长期以来一直考虑语境因素在许多方面影响双语语言的产生。然而，该领域的大多数实验研究未能完全纳入语言、社会或物理环境方面，更不用说将它们合并在同一项研究中。事实上，大多数实验心理语言学研究都是在孤立和受限的实验室环境中进行的，并使用精心挑选的单词或句子，而不是在丰富和自然的条件下进行。我们认为，双语语言产生的心理语言学研究中最有影响力的实验范式未能捕捉到著名模型所预设的语境对语言处理和控制的影响。因此，本文旨在丰富当前实验范式中研究语境方面的方法基础，从而从理论上推动双语语言产生研究领域的发展。在考虑了为解决语境效应而提出的现有范式的扩展之后，我们提出了三个广泛的创新提案，重点关注双语语言生产背景下的虚拟现实、对话情境和多模态。