Aims

Growing preclinical and clinical evidence has suggested the potential method of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSC) therapy for diabetic foot. Thus, the authors provided an outline of the application of UCMSCs in the treatment of diabetic foot and further summarized the roles and mechanisms of this therapy.

Data synthesis

With no time limitations, the authors searched the Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PubMed (MEDLINE) databases. 14 studies were included, including 9 preclinical experiments and 5 clinical trials (3 RCTs and 2 single-arm trials).

Conclusions

The UCMSCs are of great efficacy and safety, and function mainly by reducing inflammation, regulating immunity, promoting growth factors, and enhancing the functions of vascular endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and keratinocytes. As a result, ulcer healing-related biological processes ensue, which finally lead to diabetic foot ulcer healing and clinical symptom improvement. UCMSC treatment enhances diabetic foot ulcer healing and has a safety profile. They function mainly by modulating immunity, promoting growth factor secretion, and enhancing cellular functions. More well-designed preclinical and clinical studies are needed to provide the most optimal protocol, the comprehensive molecular mechanisms, as well as to further evaluate the efficiency and safety profile of UCMSC treatment in diabetic foot patients.

中文翻译：

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脐带间充质干细胞治疗糖尿病足的作用和机制：临床前和临床研究综述

目标

越来越多的临床前和临床证据表明脐带间充质干细胞（UCMSC）治疗糖尿病足的潜在方法。因此，作者概述了UCMSCs在糖尿病足治疗中的应用，并进一步总结了该疗法的作用和机制。

数据综合

作者不受时间限制，检索了 Web of Science、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials 和 PubMed (MEDLINE) 数据库。纳入 14 项研究，包括 9 项临床前实验和 5 项临床试验（3 项随机对照试验和 2 项单臂试验）。

结论

UCMSCs具有良好的疗效和安全性，主要通过减轻炎症、调节免疫、促进生长因子、增强血管内皮细胞、成纤维细胞和角质形成细胞的功能发挥作用。结果，溃疡愈合相关的生物过程随之发生，最终导致糖尿病足溃疡愈合和临床症状改善。UCMSC治疗可增强糖尿病足溃疡的愈合并且具有安全性。它们的作用主要是调节免疫、促进生长因子分泌、增强细胞功能。需要更多精心设计的临床前和临床研究来提供最佳方案、全面的分子机制，并进一步评估 UCMSC 治疗糖尿病足患者的效率和安全性。