Background: People with HIV (PLHIV) face increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk due to inflammation and immune activation. Aging further amplifies this risk. Limited data exist on CVD risk in older PLHIV in India despite 2.14 million PLHIV with higher CVD risk factors. Methods: In a cross-sectional study in Bihar, India, 73 PLHIV and 30 control participants were enrolled. Demographics, social factors, clinical information, and CVD risk factors were collected. HbA1c levels and lipid profiles were analyzed, and 10-year CVD risk scores were calculated using the Framingham risk score (FRS) and Qrisk3. Quality of life (QoL) was assessed using WHOQOL- HIV-BREF. Results: Results showed higher LDL levels in non-HIV older participants and higher HDL levels in younger PLHIV participants. BMI differed significantly, with higher BMI in non-HIV older individuals and lower BMI in younger PLHIV individuals. Older PLHIV participants had significantly higher mean FRS and Q-Risk scores compared to older non-PLHIV and younger PLHIV groups. Among older PLHIV participants, six had higher CVD risk per FRS, while none in the other groups were classified as high CVD risk. Psychological, social relations and spirituality domains were highly deteriorated in older PLHIV, scoring 44.48, 42.72, and 41.2, respectively. The physical domain scored 57.6, and the environment scored 52.72 in the WHOQOL-HIV bref. Conclusion: In conclusion, older PLHIV in Bihar, India, face higher CVD risk compared to younger PLHIV and non-HIV individuals. FRS and Q-Risk scores effectively assessed CVD risk, identifying higher risk in older PLHIV. Age and BMI were significant predictors of high CVD risk. These findings emphasize CVD risk assessment and tailored management for older PLHIV. The QoL assessment findings indicate moderate deterioration in psychological, social relations, and spirituality domains among older PLHIV individuals. These results suggest greater challenges in psychological well-being, social interactions, and spirituality compared to the overall sample. Further research with larger samples and longitudinal designs is needed to confirm and extend these findings.

中文翻译：

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老年艾滋病毒感染者的心血管风险较高，生活质量较差

背景：由于炎症和免疫激活，艾滋病毒感染者（PLHIV）面临心血管疾病（CVD）风险增加。老龄化进一步放大了这种风险。尽管印度有 214 万感染者具有较高的 CVD 风险因素，但有关印度老年感染者 CVD 风险的数据有限。方法：在印度比哈尔邦的一项横断面研究中，招募了 73 名艾滋病毒感染者和 30 名对照参与者。收集人口统计数据、社会因素、临床信息和 CVD 危险因素。分析了 HbA1c 水平和血脂状况，并使用 Framingham 风险评分 (FRS) 和 Qrisk3 计算了 10 年 CVD 风险评分。使用 WHOQOL-HIV-BREF 评估生活质量 (QoL)。结果：结果显示，未感染 HIV 的老年参与者的 LDL 水平较高，而年轻的 PLHIV 参与者的 HDL 水平较高。BMI 差异显着，非 HIV 老年人的 BMI 较高，而年轻的 PLHIV 个体的 BMI 较低。与老年非艾滋病毒感染者和年轻感染者相比，老年艾滋病毒感染者的平均 FRS 和 Q 风险评分显着更高。根据 FRS，在老年艾滋病毒感染者中，有 6 人具有较高的 CVD 风险，而其他组中没有人被归类为高 CVD 风险。老年感染者的心理、社会关系和精神领域严重恶化，得分分别为 44.48、42.72 和 41.2。WHOQOL-HIV bref 中物理领域得分为 57.6，环境得分为 52.72。结论： 总之，印度比哈尔邦的老年艾滋病毒感染者比年轻的艾滋病毒感染者和非艾滋病毒感染者面临更高的 CVD 风险。FRS 和 Q-Risk 评分有效评估了 CVD 风险，识别出老年 PLHIV 的较高风险。年龄和体重指数是高 CVD 风险的重要预测因素。这些发现强调了针对老年艾滋病毒感染者的心血管疾病风险评估和量身定制的管理。生活质量评估结果表明，老年感染者的心理、社会关系和精神领域中度恶化。这些结果表明，与整体样本相比，心理健康、社交互动和灵性方面面临更大的挑战。需要对更大的样本和纵向设计进行进一步的研究来证实和扩展这些发现。