Candida albicans is one of the most common species of Candida, which cause various mucosal and systemic infectious diseases. However, the resistance rate to existing clinical antifungal drugs gradually increases in C. albicans. Therefore, new antifungal drugs must be developed to solve the current problem. This study discovered that the solid fermented ethyl acetate crude extract of Microporus vernicipes had inhibitory activity on C. albicans. This study determined that the Mv5 components had significantly inhibited the activity of C. albicans using column chromatography separation component screening. The components included 23 compounds of fatty acids and their derivatives, alkaloids, phenols, and other classes using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HR-MS) analysis, with fatty acids constituting the primary components. The mechanism of action showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Mv5 components against C. albicans was 15.63 μg/mL, while minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was 31.25 μg/mL. Mv5 components can inhibit the early biofilm formation and destroy the mature biofilm structure. It can inhibit the germ tube growth of C. albicans, thereby inhibiting the transformation of yeast morphology to hyphae. We detected 193 differentially expressed genes, including 156 upregulated and 37 downregulated genes in the Mv5 components of the MIC concentration group. We detected 391 differentially expressed genes, including 334 upregulated and 57 downregulated expression genes in the MFC concentration group. Among these differentially expressed genes, the genes related to mycelium and biofilm formation were significantly downregulated. GO enrichment analysis presented that single-organism process metabolic process, and cellular processes were the biological processes with the most gene enrichment. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)of Mv5 components were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways, such as meiosis yeast and amino acid metabolism. Therefore, it is believed that the fermentation extract of M. vernicipes inhibits C. albicans, which can provide clues for developing effective antifungal drugs.

白色念珠菌是最常见的念珠菌属之一，可引起多种粘膜和全身感染性疾病。然而，白色念珠菌对临床现有抗真菌药物的耐药率逐渐升高。因此，必须开发新的抗真菌药物来解决当前的问题。本研究发现，小孔菌固体发酵乙酸乙酯粗提物对白色念珠菌具有抑制活性。 本研究通过柱层析分离成分筛选，确定Mv5成分对白色念珠菌的活性具有显着抑制作用。采用超高效液相色谱串联高分辨率质谱（UHPLC-HR-MS）分析，其成分包括脂肪酸及其衍生物、生物碱、酚类等23种化合物，其中脂肪酸为主要成分。作用机制表明，Mv5成分对白色念珠菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）为15.63 μg/mL，最低杀菌浓度（MFC）为31.25 μg/mL。Mv5成分可以抑制早期生物膜形成并破坏成熟的生物膜结构。它能抑制白色念珠菌的芽管生长，从而抑制酵母菌形态向菌丝的转化。我们在MIC浓度组的Mv5成分中检测到193个差异表达基因，其中156个上调基因和37个下调基因。我们检测到391个差异表达基因，其中MFC浓度组中有334个上调表达基因和57个下调表达基因。在这些差异表达的基因中，与菌丝体和生物膜形成相关的基因显着下调。GO富集分析表明，单一生物过程、代谢过程、细胞过程是基因富集程度最高的生物过程。京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）的Mv5成分主要富集于代谢途径，如酵母减数分裂和氨基酸代谢。因此，认为漆树发酵提取物具有抑制白色念珠菌的作用，可为开发有效的抗真菌药物提供线索。