Abstract

The work was carried out with the aim of evaluating the varieties and lines of spring oats for their ability to give stable high-quality grain yields in Kirov oblast and to identify promising highly adaptive genotypes that fully realize their yield potential under changing environmental conditions. The material for the study was 11 varieties and promising lines. The Krechet variety included in the State Register was used as a standard. The experiments were carried out in 2020–2022. The closest to the optimal conditions for the growth and development of oats were seen in 2020 and 2022, when the duration of the period from sprouting to heading of panicles averaged 46 and 52 days, and the average yield was 6.18 and 6.21 t/ha, respectively. The highest yields were shown by the promising lines 91h18 (6.14 t/ha) and 41h18 (5.78 t/ha), which exceeded the Krechet standard by 0.95 and 0.59 t/ha, respectively. The line 91h18 also showed high levels of plasticity (b_i = 1.13) and stability (\(S_{i}^{2}\) = 0.00) for the yield trait. Sufficiently high plasticity and stability for yield (b_i = 1.12 and \(S_{i}^{2}\) = 0.01) and grain quality indices (b_i = 1.12 and \(S_{i}^{2}\) = 0.20 for protein content and b_i = 1.11 and \(S_{i}^{2}\) = 0.00 for fat content) was demonstrated by the intensive type Medved’ variety. High plasticity (b_i = 1.42) and stability (\(S_{i}^{2}\) = 0.00) for the grain protein content trait were observed in the line 162h15. The highest fat content in grain (5.3–5.6%) was demonstrated by the lines 178h13, 4h14, and 41h18. Almost every studied variety and line showed high stability for this trait (\(S_{i}^{2}\) = 0.00–0.21). A decrease in the grain quality indices was observed with increasing plasticity and stability for yield along with a highly significant negative relationship between protein content in grain and yield (r = –0.83). A highly significant positive relationship between the length of the sprouting–heading of panicle period and HTC (r = 0.97) and yield (r = 0.79) was found.

中文翻译：

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基洛夫州环境条件下春燕麦产量及品质适应性评价

摘要

这项工作的目的是评估春燕麦品种和品系在基洛夫州提供稳定的优质谷物产量的能力，并确定在不断变化的环境条件下充分发挥其产量潜力的有前途的高度适应性基因型。该研究的材料是 11 个品种和有前景的品系。国家登记册中包含的 Krechet 品种被用作标准。实验于2020年至2022年进行。2020年和2022年燕麦生长发育最适宜，从发芽到抽穗期平均为46和52天，平均产量为6.18和6.21吨/公顷。分别。产量最高的是有前途的品系 91h18（6.14 吨/公顷）和 41h18（5.78 吨/公顷），分别超出 Krechet 标准 0.95 吨/公顷和 0.59 吨/公顷。品系 91h18 还表现出高水平的产量性状可塑性 ( b _i  = 1.13) 和稳定性 ( \(S_{i}^{2}\) = 0.00)。产量（b _i = 1.12 和\(S_{i}^{2}\) = 0.01）和谷物品质指数（b _i = 1.12 和\(S_{i}^{2}\)）具有足够高的可塑性和稳定性 强化型 Medved' 品种证明了蛋白质含量b _i = 1.11 和\(S_{i}^{2}\) = 0.00 脂肪含量)。162h15品系的籽粒蛋白质含量性状具有高可塑性（b _i = 1.42）和稳定性（\(S_{i}^{2}\) = 0.00）。178h13、4h14 和 41h18 品系显示了谷物中脂肪含量最高（5.3-5.6%）。几乎每个研究的品种和品系都表现出该性状的高度稳定性（\(S_{i}^{2}\) = 0.00–0.21）。随着产量可塑性和稳定性的增加，谷物品质指数下降，并且谷物蛋白质含量与产量之间存在高度显着的负相关关系（r = –0.83）。发芽抽穗期长度与 HTC（r = 0.97）和产量（r = 0.79）之间存在极显着的正相关关系。