Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have become the forefront and hot pot of new photovoltaic technology due to their high efficiency, low cost, and easy preparation. Understanding the microstructure characteristics of the perovskite films is one of the key factors to further improve the efficiency and stability. The characteristics of grains based on the self-developed perovskite film morphology analysis software GrainD are studied in this article. Important perovskite film information such as the average radius of grains, the distribution pattern of grain size, the area of grain contact, and the total number of grains are obtained. The results show that the grain size distribution of the polycrystalline perovskite film follows the lognormal distribution. According to statistical probability theory and grain growth theory, the multiplication effect of multiple random factors of film growth is proposed as the reason for the lognormal distribution. This study provides an important method for analyzing the perovskite films and gives clues about the crystallization kinetics.

中文翻译：

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基于SEM图像分割的钙钛矿薄膜晶粒特征

钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）以其高效率、低成本、易于制备等优点成为新型光伏技术的前沿和热点。了解钙钛矿薄膜的微观结构特征是进一步提高效率和稳定性的关键因素之一。本文基于自主研发的钙钛矿薄膜形貌分析软件GrainD对晶粒的特性进行了研究。获得重要的钙钛矿薄膜信息，例如晶粒的平均半径、晶粒尺寸的分布模式、晶粒接触的面积和晶粒的总数。结果表明，多晶钙钛矿薄膜的晶粒尺寸分布服从对数正态分布。根据统计概率论和晶粒生长理论，提出薄膜生长的多个随机因素的乘积效应作为对数正态分布的原因。这项研究为分析钙钛矿薄膜提供了重要方法，并提供了有关结晶动力学的线索。