To study the partitioning of solar radiation over the melting Arctic sea ice and address the lack of systematic measurements of the optical properties of melt ponds and the underlying ice, four experiments in non-Arctic regions were designed to explore the distribution of solar irradiance on pond surface, pond bottom, and underlying ice. These experiments also investigated the influence of different pond depths (H_p), underlying ice thicknesses (H_i), and melt pond sidewall conditions (i.e., the black sidewalls, ice sidewalls, and pond horizon size) on the apparent optical properties (AOPs) of melt ponds. The black sidewalls with a small pond radius (barrel experiment) showed the greatest influence on the AOPs, significantly lowering the albedo and transmittance, and increasing the energy absorbed by the pond (Ψ_p) and underlying ice (Ψ_i). Different sidewall types, such as the black and ice sidewalls, did not affect the AOPs' trend, but affected their values. The AOPs were also influenced by pond size. The albedo linearly decreased and Ψ_p linearly increased with the increase of pond radius. The albedo and Ψ_p were almost independent of pond radius as pond radius larger than 0.58 m and 1.25, respectively. The black sidewalls experiment, in which the pond radius was 2.5 m, and the pond size experiment showed that solar energy was mainly absorbed by the melt pond. Ψ_p increased from 19% to 62%, which corresponded to H_p increasing from 5 cm to 35 cm in the pond size experiment. The results of the four experiments were consistent with the values obtained from numerical simulations and in situ measurements in the Arctic. The experiments conducted in this study were shown to be effective tools to complement and verify the optical measurements of Arctic melt ponds. They allow us to obtain the key information in Arctic pond measurements, which is difficult to achieve due to the severe weather conditions and marine environment.

为了研究太阳辐射在融化的北极海冰上的分布，并解决缺乏对融化池塘和底层冰的光学特性的系统测量的问题，在非北极地区设计了四个实验来探索太阳辐照度在池塘上的分布表面、池塘底部和下面的冰。这些实验还研究了不同池塘深度 ( H _p )、底层冰厚度 ( H _i ) 和融化池侧壁条件（即黑色侧壁、冰侧壁和池塘水平尺寸）对表观光学特性 (AOP)的影响。）的融化池。池塘半径较小的黑色侧壁（桶实验）对 AOP 的影响最大，显着降低了反照率和透射率，并增加了池塘 ( Ψ _p ) 和底层冰 ( Ψ _i ) 吸收的能量。不同的侧壁类型，例如黑色侧壁和冰侧壁，不会影响AOP的趋势，但会影响它们的值。AOP 也受到池塘大小的影响。随着池塘半径的增大，反照率线性减小，Ψ _p线性增大。当池塘半径分别大于0.58 m和1.25时，反照率和Ψ _p几乎与池塘半径无关。黑侧壁实验，其中池塘半径为2.5 m，池塘尺寸实验表明，太阳能主要被熔池吸收。Ψ _p从 19% 增加到 62%，对应于池塘大小实验中H _{p从 5 cm 增加到 35 cm。}四个实验的结果与北极数值模拟和现场测量获得的值一致。本研究中进行的实验被证明是补充和验证北极融化池光学测量的有效工具。它们使我们能够获得北极池塘测量的关键信息，而由于恶劣的天气条件和海洋环境，这是很难实现的。