In this review, the possibilities of photochemical and electrochemical water splitting (WS) using porphyrins, phthalocyanines, related macrocycles, and their metal complexes are discussed. Significant efforts are being carried out in order to develop novel and cheap methods for water decomposition to generate inexhaustible greener energy sources (molecular hydrogen) instead of oil and gas. The processes of WS in heterogeneous and homogeneous media require novel photo- and electrocatalysts, in particular those on macrocycle basis. A high WS efficiency has been observed for porphyrins and phthalocyanines, showing their suitability both for HER and OER processes are available using these relative compounds for WS purposes.

中文翻译：

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光化学和电化学水分解中的卟啉、酞菁和相关共价有机框架：综述

在这篇综述中，讨论了使用卟啉、酞菁、相关大环化合物及其金属配合物进行光化学和电化学水分解（WS）的可能性。为了开发新颖且廉价的水分解方法，以产生取之不尽用之不竭的绿色能源（分子氢）而不是石油和天然气，人们正在付出巨大的努力。异质和均质介质中的 WS 过程需要新型光催化剂和电催化剂，特别是基于大环的催化剂。卟啉和酞菁的高 WS 效率已被观察到，表明它们适用于 HER 和 OER 工艺，可使用这些相关化合物用于 WS 目的。