An imbalance between soil microbial communities and phenolic acids is the major factor influencing soil sickness in Panax notoginseng crops. This study investigated how vanillic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid affect particular pathogens and soil microorganisms in P. notoginseng rhizosphere. Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing revealed that exogenous phenolic acids led to alterations in the structures of microbial communities in the rhizospheric soil. Exogenous vanillic acid had a more pronounced effect on rhizospheric soil bacteria, as it caused a significant increase in the relative abundance of Pseudomonas, Enterobacterium, Pseudoarchaea, and Sphingomonas, while the relative abundance of RB41, Bryobacter, and Haliangium decreased. Potential pathogen analysis revealed that exogenous vanillic acid significantly increased the abundance of potential pathogens, and the abundance of the Fusarium genus increased in response to the different vanillic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid treatments. Moreover, we discovered that vanillic acid promoted the mycelial growth of F. equiseti, while p-hydroxybenzoic acid strongly enhanced F. solani in culture experiments. Additionally, two phenolic acids were found to greatly enhance the spore germination of F. solani and F. equiseti. In summary, these two phenolic acids can alter the rhizospheric soil microbial community structure, especially the diversity of pathogens, and can significantly promote the mycelial growth and spore germination of pathogens.

土壤微生物群落与酚酸的失衡是影响三七作物土壤病害的主要因素。本研究调查了香草酸和对羟基苯甲酸如何影响三七根际的特定病原体和土壤微生物。Illumina MiSeq 高通量测序表明，外源酚酸导致根际土壤微生物群落结构的改变。外源香草酸对根际土壤细菌的影响更为明显，导致假单胞菌、肠杆菌、假古菌和鞘氨醇单胞菌的相对丰度显着增加，而RB41、苔藓杆菌和Haliangium的相对丰度下降。潜在病原菌分析表明，外源香草酸显着增加了潜在病原菌的丰度，镰刀菌属的丰度随着不同香草酸和对羟基苯甲酸处理而增加。此外，我们发现香草酸促进木贼镰刀菌菌丝生长，而对羟基苯甲酸则强烈促进木贼镰刀菌菌丝生长。茄属植物在培养实验中的应用。此外，还发现两种酚酸可以极大地促进茄病镰刀菌和木贼镰刀菌的孢子萌发。综上所述，这两种酚酸能够改变根际土壤微生物群落结构，特别是病原菌的多样性，并能显着促进病原菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发。