Summary

This article seeks to contribute to the growing current of legal historical literature on early modern commercial law. It examines the topic of monopolies and their prohibition in the Codex of Justinian (C. 4,59,2). Its purpose is to explore one aspect of the renewed interest in the topic among lawyers and theologians in the early 16th century, when trading corporations and authorities worldly and ecclesial caused a proliferation of monopolies. The aspect in question is the source material from the legal and theological tradition that early modern authors had at their disposal. Through analysing the printed editions of medieval works from Roman and canon law and from theology, this contribution sketches an image of scattered attention and a strong focus on guilds until the very last years of the Middle Ages. Only after 1450 do the roots of the notions that would dominate later debates come to the fore, and near exclusively in the works of moral theologians such as Konrad Summenhart.

中文翻译：

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适度的构建模块：律师和神学家著作中中世纪和近代早期垄断思想的艺术现状

概括

本文旨在为日益增长的有关早期现代商法的法律历史文献做出贡献。它探讨了查士丁尼法典 (C. 4,59,2) 中的垄断主题及其禁令。其目的是探讨 16 世纪初律师和神学家对这一主题重新产生的兴趣的一个方面，当时世俗和教会的贸易公司和当局导致了垄断的扩散。所讨论的方面是来自早期现代作者所掌握的法律和神学传统的原始材料。通过分析罗马、教会法和神学的中世纪著作的印刷版，本文勾画出直到中世纪最后几年，人们对行会的注意力分散和高度关注的形象。直到 1450 年之后，主导后来争论的观念的根源才浮出水面，而且几乎完全出现在康拉德·苏门哈特 (Konrad Summenhart) 等道德神学家的著作中。