Serotonergic psychedelics and related substances have been explored as potential adjuncts in substance-assisted psychotherapy (SAPT) for treating various disorders. SAPT can be divided into three phases: preparation, administration and integration. Integration is commonly defined as the comprehension and effective application of insights from psychedelic experiences into everyday life. However, there is limited research regarding the most appropriate therapeutic approach during SAPT. In this article, we discuss the current evidence for different therapeutic frameworks for integration sessions when serotonergic psychedelics and entactogens are used as adjuncts to psychotherapy. We conducted a systematised review of the literature following PRISMA guidelines and searched PsycINFO, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases. The final synthesis included 75 clinical trials, mixed-methods investigations, treatment manuals, study protocols, quasi-experiments, qualitative investigations, descriptive studies, opinion papers, reviews, books and book chapters, published until 11 November 2022. The effects that various therapeutic approaches for integration sessions have on therapeutic outcomes have not been investigated by means of rigorous research. Most of the available evidence we retrieved was not supported by empirical data, thus limiting any conclusive statements regarding appropriate therapeutic frameworks for integration sessions for SAPT. Current clinical studies have used a range of therapeutic frameworks with the majority drawing from the humanistic–experiential tradition. While integration is regarded as crucial for the safe application of SAPT, there is currently an insufficient evidence base to suggest that any type of therapy is effective for guiding integration sessions. A systematic investigation of different therapeutic frameworks for integration and additional therapy-related factors is needed.

中文翻译：

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物质辅助心理治疗整合课程中的治疗框架：系统评价

5-羟色胺迷幻药和相关物质已被探索作为物质辅助心理治疗（SAPT）的潜在辅助药物，用于治疗各种疾病。 SAPT 可分为三个阶段：准备、管理和集成。整合通常被定义为将迷幻体验的见解理解并有效应用到日常生活中。然而，关于 SAPT 期间最合适的治疗方法的研究有限。在本文中，我们讨论了当血清素能致幻剂和致幻剂用作心理治疗的辅助剂时，整合课程的不同治疗框架的当前证据。我们按照 PRISMA 指南对文献进行了系统回顾，并检索了 PsycINFO、MEDLINE 和 Cochrane 图书馆数据库。最终综合包括 75 项临床试验、混合方法研究、治疗手册、研究方案、准实验、定性研究、描述性研究、意见论文、评论、书籍和书籍章节，发布至 2022 年 11 月 11 日。整合课程的方法对治疗结果的影响尚未通过严格的研究进行调查。我们检索到的大多数可用证据都没有经验数据的支持，因此限制了有关 SAPT 整合课程的适当治疗框架的任何结论性陈述。目前的临床研究使用了一系列治疗框架，其中大多数源自人文体验传统。虽然整合被认为对于 SAPT 的安全应用至关重要，但目前没有足够的证据表明任何类型的治疗对于指导整合课程都是有效的。需要对不同治疗框架的整合和其他治疗相关因素进行系统研究。