Semitransparent solar cells (ST-SCs) have emerged as a prominent energy harvesting technology that combines the benefits of transparency and light-to-electricity conversion. The biggest opportunities for ST-SCs lie in their integration as windows and skylights within energy-sustainable buildings or combining them with other solar cell technologies in tandem configuration. The performance of ST-SCs is mainly determined by the trade-off between the competing parameters of the capability to convert the light-to-electricity while allowing some part of it to pass through imparting transparency. Depending on the target application, the selection of ST-SCs is a tricky affair as some devices might offer high efficiency but compromise transparency and vice versa. In addition, this is again not helped by the fact that due to advancements in materials engineering, processing, and characterization, vastly different combinations of efficiency and transparency have been reported. So to quantify the performance of ST-SCs, we attempted and developed a figure-of-merit (FoM), which can be used as a tool that can help in analyzing and comparing the performance among various ST-SCs. The defined FoM focuses on the efficiency of the device, bifaciality factor, transmittance in the desired region, and that corresponding to 550 nm wavelength. Additionally, we have been shown how the proposed FoM can be correlated for tandem and building-integrated photovoltaics applications. Based on these resultant parameters, FoM is calculated and compared for different device architectures available in the literature. The proposed FoM shall serve as a meaningful guiding path to the researchers for the development of advanced ST-SCs.

中文翻译：

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半透明太阳能电池评估的品质因数

半透明太阳能电池（ST-SC）已成为一种突出的能量收集技术，它结合了透明度和光电转换的优点。ST-SC 的最大机遇在于将其集成为能源可持续建筑中的窗户和天窗，或者将其与其他太阳能电池技术串联配置相结合。ST-SC 的性能主要取决于光电转换能力的竞争参数与允许部分光能通过并赋予透明度之间的权衡。根据目标应用，选择 ST-SC 是一件棘手的事情，因为某些设备可能提供高效率但会损害透明度，反之亦然。此外，由于材料工程、加工和表征方面的进步，已经报道了截然不同的效率和透明度组合，这一事实也无济于事。因此，为了量化 ST-SC 的性能，我们尝试并开发了一种品质因数（FoM），它可以用作帮助分析和比较各种 ST-SC 性能的工具。定义的 FoM 重点关注器件的效率、双面系数、所需区域的透射率以及对应于 550 nm 波长的透射率。此外，我们还向我们展示了所提出的 FoM 如何与串联和建筑一体化光伏应用相关联。根据这些所得参数，计算并比较文献中提供的不同设备架构的 FoM。拟议的 FoM 应为研究人员开发先进 ST-SC 提供有意义的指导路径。