Recent works indicate that the lipid composition of extracellular vesicles (EVs) can modify their biological functions and their incorporation into recipient cells. In particular high-fat diets affect EV biogenesis, EV lipid composition, EV targeting and consequently the cross-talk between tissues. This review connects different research topics to show that a vicious circle is established during the development of high-fat diet-induced obesity, connecting the alteration of lipid metabolism, the composition of extracellular vesicles and the spread of deleterious lipids between tissues, which participates in NAFLD/NASH and diabetes development. According to the studies described in this review, it is urgent to take an interest in this question as the modulation of EV lipid composition could be an important factor to take into account during the therapeutic management of patients suffering from metabolic syndrome and related pathologies such as obesity and diabetes. Furthermore, as lipid modification of EVs is a strategy currently being tested to enable better integration into their target tissue or cell, it is important to consider the impact of these lipid modifications on the homeostasis of these targets.

中文翻译：

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高脂肪饮食：你吃什么就是什么……你的细胞外囊泡也是如此！

最近的研究表明，细胞外囊泡（EV）的脂质成分可以改变其生物学功能及其与受体细胞的结合。特别是高脂肪饮食会影响 EV 生物发生、EV 脂质成分、EV 靶向，从而影响组织之间的串扰。这篇综述将不同的研究主题联系起来，表明高脂饮食引起的肥胖的发展过程中建立了一个恶性循环，将脂质代谢的改变、细胞外囊泡的组成和有害脂质在组织之间的传播联系起来，参与NAFLD/NASH 和糖尿病的发展。根据本综述中描述的研究，迫切需要对这个问题感兴趣，因为 EV 脂质成分的调节可能是在患有代谢综合征和相关病理的患者的治疗管理过程中需要考虑的一个重要因素，例如肥胖和糖尿病。此外，由于目前正在测试电动汽车的脂质修饰策略，以使其能够更好地整合到其靶组织或细胞中，因此考虑这些脂质修饰对这些靶标稳态的影响非常重要。