Greater use of locally available supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) to reduce cement content and addition of fiber reinforcement can enhance the performance of 3D printing (3DP) technology in construction. In this study, three classes of eco-friendly 3D printable fiber-reinforced mixtures were targeted, namely ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC), high-performance concrete (HPC), and conventional concrete (CC). A step-by-step methodology was proposed to maximize the substitution rate of cement with SCM and limestone filler and optimize fiber volume for the successful development of 3D printable fiber-reinforced materials. Binder combinations were initially investigated on the paste level to determine the packing density and robustness. Selected binder systems were narrowed down on the mortar level by evaluating the superplasticizer (SP) demand, plastic viscosity, forced bleeding, final setting time, and 3-day compressive strength. The 6-mm steel and 8-mm polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers were incorporated for further evaluation of key properties of fiber-reinforced concrete. The printability of the fiber-reinforced mixtures was validated using an extrusion-based 3D printer. Developing such print materials with adequate strength and toughness can improve the cost-effectiveness of 3DP construction, and extend 3DP technology to remote areas.

更多地使用当地可用的辅助胶凝材料 (SCM) 来减少水泥含量并添加纤维增强材料可以提高 3D 打印 (3DP) 技术在建筑中的性能。在这项研究中，针对三类环保型可3D打印纤维增强混合物，即超高性能混凝土（UHPC）、高性能混凝土（HPC）和传统混凝土（CC）。提出了一种分步方法，以最大限度地提高 SCM 和石灰石填料对水泥的替代率，并优化纤维体积，以成功开发 3D 打印纤维增强材料。最初在浆料水平上研究了粘合剂组合，以确定填充密度和坚固性。通过评估超塑化剂(SP) 需求、塑料粘度、强制泌水、最终凝固时间和 3 天抗压强度，缩小了所选粘结剂系统的砂浆水平范围。结合 6 毫米钢和 8 毫米聚乙烯醇 (PVA) 纤维，进一步评估纤维增强混凝土的关键性能。使用基于挤出的 3D 打印机验证了纤维增强混合物的可打印性。开发这种具有足够强度和韧性的打印材料可以提高3DP建造的成本效益，并将3DP技术推广到偏远地区。